Proverbs 6:30

Men do not despise the thief if he steals to satisfy his hunger.

Study Bible

Men do not despise
The phrase "Men do not despise" suggests a societal understanding and empathy towards certain actions under specific circumstances. In the Hebrew context, the word for "despise" is "בּוּז" (buz), which means to hold in contempt or scorn. This indicates that while theft is generally condemned, there is a nuanced view when it comes to the motivations behind the act. Historically, this reflects a culture that recognizes human frailty and the desperate measures one might take in dire situations. It speaks to the broader biblical theme of mercy and understanding, as seen in other scriptures where God calls for compassion and justice.

the thief
The term "the thief" refers to one who takes what is not theirs. In Hebrew, the word is "גַּנָּב" (ganav), which is used throughout the Old Testament to describe someone who steals. The Bible consistently condemns theft, as seen in the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:15). However, this verse acknowledges the complexity of human behavior and the reasons behind such actions. The thief here is not a hardened criminal but someone driven by necessity, which invites readers to consider the circumstances and motivations behind actions rather than judging solely by the act itself.

if he steals
The phrase "if he steals" introduces a conditional scenario, highlighting the act of theft as a response to a specific need. The Hebrew verb "גָּנַב" (ganav) is used here, emphasizing the act of taking something unlawfully. This conditional clause suggests that while the act of stealing is wrong, the motivation behind it can alter the perception of the act. It calls for discernment and understanding, encouraging believers to look beyond the surface and consider the heart and circumstances of individuals.

to satisfy his hunger
"To satisfy his hunger" provides the motivation behind the theft, which is a basic human need. The Hebrew word for "satisfy" is "מָלֵא" (male), meaning to fill or fulfill, and "hunger" is "נֶפֶשׁ" (nephesh), often translated as soul or life, but here it refers to physical hunger. This phrase underscores the desperation that can drive a person to commit acts they would not normally consider. It reflects a biblical understanding of human needs and the importance of compassion. Throughout scripture, God shows concern for the poor and hungry, urging His people to care for those in need (Isaiah 58:7, Matthew 25:35). This verse challenges believers to respond with empathy and support rather than judgment.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Thief
Represents individuals who resort to stealing due to dire circumstances, such as hunger. This figure is used to illustrate a broader moral lesson.

2. The Hungry
Symbolizes those in desperate need, highlighting the human condition and the lengths to which one might go to meet basic needs.

3. The Community
Implied as the societal body that observes and judges the actions of individuals, including those who steal out of necessity.

Teaching Points

Understanding Human Desperation
Recognize that while theft is wrong, understanding the desperation that leads to such actions can foster compassion and a desire to help those in need.

Moral Law and Compassion
While upholding the moral law against theft, Christians are called to balance justice with mercy, reflecting God's character.

Community Responsibility
The community has a role in addressing the needs of the poor and hungry, reducing the desperation that leads to theft.

Trust in God's Provision
Encourage believers to trust in God's provision and seek His kingdom first, as a means to avoid the desperation that leads to sin.

Restoration and Redemption
Emphasize the importance of repentance and the possibility of redemption for those who have stolen, encouraging a path of honest work and generosity.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the context of a thief stealing out of hunger change our perspective on justice and mercy?

2. In what ways can the church actively support those in need to prevent situations of desperation that lead to theft?

3. How can we apply the principle of trusting in God's provision in our daily lives, especially in times of financial difficulty?

4. What steps can individuals who have stolen take to seek forgiveness and make restitution, according to biblical principles?

5. How do the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament expand upon the Old Testament laws regarding theft and provision for the needy?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 20:15
The commandment "You shall not steal" provides a foundational moral law that underscores the wrongness of theft, regardless of circumstances.

Matthew 6:25-34
Jesus teaches about trusting God for provision, which contrasts with the desperation that might lead one to steal.

Ephesians 4:28
Paul advises those who have stolen to steal no longer but to work and share with those in need, emphasizing transformation and community responsibility.