Proverbs 30:10

Do not slander a servant to his master, or he will curse you, and you will bear the guilt.

Study Bible

Do not slander
The phrase "do not slander" is a direct command that emphasizes the moral and ethical responsibility to speak truthfully and justly about others. The Hebrew root for "slander" is "רָגַל" (ragal), which can mean to go about as a talebearer or to spy. In the ancient context, slander was not merely a social faux pas but a serious offense that could disrupt community harmony and lead to unjust consequences. The Bible consistently warns against false testimony and gossip, as seen in the Ninth Commandment (Exodus 20:16). This phrase calls believers to uphold integrity and righteousness in their speech, reflecting the character of God who is truth.

a servant
The term "servant" here is translated from the Hebrew word "עֶבֶד" (eved), which can mean a slave, servant, or bondman. In the historical context of ancient Israel, servants were often part of the household and could be either fellow Israelites or foreigners. They were protected under the Mosaic Law, which provided rights and protections to prevent abuse (Exodus 21:20-21). This highlights the biblical principle of justice and fairness for all individuals, regardless of their social status. The verse underscores the importance of treating everyone with dignity and respect, recognizing their humanity and worth in the eyes of God.

to his master
The phrase "to his master" indicates the hierarchical relationship between the servant and the master. The Hebrew word for "master" is "אָדוֹן" (adon), which can mean lord, master, or owner. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, the master had authority over the servant, but this authority came with responsibilities. The biblical narrative often emphasizes the just and compassionate treatment of those under one's authority, as seen in the teachings of Jesus and the apostles (Ephesians 6:9). This phrase serves as a reminder that authority should be exercised with fairness and accountability, reflecting God's just rule.

or he will curse you
The warning "or he will curse you" suggests the potential consequences of slandering a servant. The Hebrew word for "curse" is "קָלַל" (qalal), which can mean to despise, treat lightly, or curse. In biblical times, a curse was considered a powerful pronouncement that could bring misfortune or divine judgment. This phrase implies that the servant, though of lower social status, has the moral right to call upon justice against false accusations. It serves as a caution against underestimating the power of the oppressed to seek redress and the divine justice that advocates for the wronged.

and you will bear the guilt
The concluding phrase "and you will bear the guilt" emphasizes personal responsibility and accountability for one's actions. The Hebrew word for "guilt" is "עָוֹן" (avon), which can mean iniquity, guilt, or punishment. This reflects the biblical principle that sin has consequences, and individuals are accountable to God for their actions. The verse serves as a sobering reminder that unjust actions, such as slander, carry moral and spiritual repercussions. It calls believers to live in a manner that honors God, promotes justice, and fosters peace within the community, aligning with the teachings of Christ to love one's neighbor as oneself (Matthew 22:39).

Persons / Places / Events

1. Servant
In the context of ancient Israel, a servant was often someone who worked under the authority of a master, either as a hired worker or in a more permanent servitude. The servant's role was crucial in maintaining the household or estate.

2. Master
The master is the authority figure over the servant. In biblical times, the master had significant control over the servant's life and well-being.

3. Agur
The author of Proverbs 30, Agur son of Jakeh, is a figure about whom little is known, but he is credited with this collection of sayings that emphasize wisdom and humility.

Teaching Points

Guard Your Speech
The verse warns against slandering, which involves speaking falsely or maliciously about someone. As Christians, we are called to speak truthfully and lovingly, avoiding gossip and false accusations.

Respect Authority Structures
The relationship between a servant and master in this proverb highlights the importance of respecting established authority structures. Slandering a servant disrupts this order and can lead to conflict and guilt.

Consider the Consequences
The warning that the servant will curse you and you will bear the guilt underscores the idea that our words have consequences. We must be mindful of how our speech can impact others and ourselves.

Seek Reconciliation
If you have wronged someone through slander, seek to make amends. This aligns with the biblical principle of reconciliation and maintaining peace within the community.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of slander in Proverbs 30:10 relate to the commandment against bearing false witness in Exodus 20:16?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of respecting authority structures in our modern-day relationships, whether at work, church, or home?

3. Reflect on a time when your words had unintended consequences. How can this verse guide you in future interactions?

4. How does the teaching of Jesus in Matthew 7:1-2 about judging others connect with the warning against slandering a servant?

5. What steps can you take to ensure that your speech builds others up rather than tearing them down, in light of James 4:11-12?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 20:16
This verse, part of the Ten Commandments, warns against bearing false witness, which is closely related to the act of slandering a servant.

James 4:11-12
These verses caution against speaking evil against one another, emphasizing the importance of not judging others, which aligns with the warning against slandering a servant.

Matthew 7:1-2
Jesus' teaching on not judging others can be connected to the idea of not slandering, as both involve unjustly condemning someone.