Nahum 3:11

You too will become drunk; you will go into hiding and seek refuge from the enemy.

Study Bible

You too will become drunk
The phrase "You too will become drunk" is a metaphorical expression used to describe the impending judgment and disorientation that Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, will experience. In the Hebrew context, drunkenness often symbolizes a state of confusion and helplessness. Historically, Assyria was known for its might and dominance, but Nahum prophesies that they will be brought low, akin to a person who has lost control due to intoxication. This imagery serves as a stark contrast to their former power, highlighting the totality of their impending downfall.

you will go into hiding
The phrase "you will go into hiding" suggests a state of fear and vulnerability. In ancient times, cities like Nineveh were fortified and seemingly impregnable. However, Nahum predicts that the Assyrians will be so overwhelmed by their enemies that they will be forced to abandon their strongholds and seek concealment. This reflects a reversal of fortunes, where the once-dominant empire is reduced to a state of cowardice and retreat. Theologically, it underscores the theme of divine justice, where the proud are humbled.

and seek refuge from the enemy
"And seek refuge from the enemy" indicates a desperate search for safety and protection. The Assyrians, who were once the aggressors, are now portrayed as the pursued. This phrase emphasizes the completeness of their defeat, as they are unable to withstand the onslaught of their adversaries. In the broader scriptural context, this serves as a reminder of the sovereignty of God over nations. Despite human power and ambition, it is ultimately God who determines the rise and fall of empires. The call to seek refuge also has spiritual implications, pointing to the need for individuals to find their ultimate security in God rather than in worldly power.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Nineveh
The capital of the Assyrian Empire, known for its great power and cruelty. Nahum prophesies its downfall.

2. Nahum
A prophet who delivers God's message of judgment against Nineveh.

3. Assyrian Empire
A dominant ancient empire known for its military prowess and harsh treatment of conquered peoples.

4. God's Judgment
The overarching theme of Nahum, emphasizing divine retribution against sin and injustice.

5. Enemies of Nineveh
The forces that would eventually conquer and destroy Nineveh, fulfilling Nahum's prophecy.

Teaching Points

Divine Justice
God's justice is inevitable and impartial. Just as Nineveh faced consequences for its actions, so too will all who oppose God's righteousness.

The Illusion of Security
Earthly power and fortifications cannot protect against divine judgment. True security is found in obedience to God.

Repentance and Humility
The call to repentance is urgent. Like Nineveh, individuals and nations must humble themselves before God to avoid judgment.

The Consequences of Sin
Sin leads to downfall and disgrace. The imagery of drunkenness symbolizes the loss of control and impending disaster due to sin.

God's Sovereignty
God is in control of history and nations. His plans will come to pass, and His purposes will be fulfilled.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the imagery of drunkenness in Nahum 3:11 relate to the concept of divine judgment in other parts of the Bible?

2. In what ways can the fall of Nineveh serve as a warning to modern nations and individuals?

3. How does understanding the historical context of Nineveh enhance our interpretation of Nahum 3:11?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure we are seeking refuge in God rather than in worldly security?

5. How can we apply the lessons of Nahum 3:11 to our personal lives, particularly in terms of repentance and humility before God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 51:17-23
This passage also speaks of drinking the cup of God's wrath, similar to Nahum's imagery of becoming drunk.

Jeremiah 25:15-29
Jeremiah uses the metaphor of drinking the cup of God's wrath to describe the judgment on nations.

Revelation 18:6
The fall of Babylon in Revelation echoes the fall of Nineveh, with themes of divine judgment and retribution.