John 5:17

But Jesus answered them, "To this very day My Father is at His work, and I too am working."

Study Bible

But Jesus answered them
This phrase introduces Jesus' response to the Jewish leaders who were questioning Him. The Greek word for "answered" (ἀπεκρίνατο, apekrinato) implies a formal and authoritative response. Jesus is not merely replying; He is making a definitive statement. In the context of the Gospel of John, Jesus often uses such responses to reveal deeper truths about His identity and mission. This sets the stage for a profound theological declaration.

To this very day
The phrase emphasizes continuity and the ongoing nature of God's work. The Greek word "ἕως ἄρτι" (heōs arti) suggests an unbroken timeline. Historically, this counters the Jewish leaders' understanding of the Sabbath. While they saw the Sabbath as a day of rest, Jesus points out that God's sustaining work in creation never ceases. This challenges their interpretation and invites them to see the Sabbath in a new light.

My Father
By referring to God as "My Father," Jesus makes a radical claim about His unique relationship with God. The Greek word "πατήρ" (patēr) is used here, which in Jewish culture was a term of intimacy and authority. This statement is significant because it asserts Jesus' divine sonship, a central theme in John's Gospel. It also implies equality with God, which was a provocative claim to His audience.

is at His work
The phrase indicates continuous action. The Greek verb "ἐργάζεται" (ergazetai) is in the present tense, suggesting ongoing activity. This reflects the Jewish understanding that God sustains the universe at all times, even on the Sabbath. Jesus is aligning His actions with the Father's, indicating that His work is a continuation of God's divine activity.

and I too am working
Here, Jesus aligns His mission with the Father's work. The Greek word "ἐργάζομαι" (ergazomai) is used again, reinforcing the idea of active, purposeful labor. This statement is a declaration of Jesus' divine authority and mission. It underscores the unity between the Father and the Son, a key theological point in John's Gospel. Jesus is not merely a human teacher; He is participating in the divine work of redemption and restoration.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus
- The central figure in this passage, Jesus is responding to the Jewish leaders who are questioning His actions on the Sabbath.

2. Jewish Leaders
- They are challenging Jesus because He healed a man on the Sabbath, which they considered a violation of the law.

3. The Father (God)
- Referred to by Jesus as "My Father," indicating a unique and intimate relationship.

4. The Sabbath
- The day of rest in Jewish law, which is central to the conflict in this passage.

5. Jerusalem
- The city where this event takes place, a significant location for Jewish religious life.

Teaching Points

Understanding Divine Work
Jesus emphasizes that God's work is continuous, even on the Sabbath. This challenges us to recognize that God's care and provision are constant and not limited by human constraints.

The Nature of Jesus' Authority
By equating His work with the Father's, Jesus asserts His divine authority. Believers are called to trust in Jesus' sovereignty and His power to act beyond human limitations.

Sabbath and Rest in Christ
The Sabbath is a shadow of the rest we find in Christ. Christians are encouraged to find their ultimate rest and peace in Jesus, rather than in legalistic observance.

Responding to Legalism
Jesus' response to the Jewish leaders teaches us to prioritize compassion and the spirit of the law over rigid adherence to rules. We should seek to understand the heart of God's commands.

Continuous Spiritual Growth
Just as God is always at work, believers are encouraged to continually grow in their faith and service, reflecting God's ongoing work in the world.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jesus' statement in John 5:17 challenge the traditional understanding of the Sabbath?

2. In what ways can we see God's continuous work in our own lives today?

3. How does understanding Jesus' divine authority impact our faith and daily living?

4. What are some practical ways we can find rest in Christ amidst our busy lives?

5. How can we balance the observance of religious practices with the call to show compassion and love?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:2-3
- Discusses God's rest on the seventh day, providing context for the Sabbath.

Exodus 20:8-11
- The commandment to keep the Sabbath holy, which the Jewish leaders are concerned about.

Hebrews 4:9-11
- Speaks of a Sabbath rest for the people of God, connecting the concept of rest with faith in Christ.

Colossians 1:17
- Highlights Christ's role in sustaining creation, aligning with His statement of continuous work.

Philippians 2:6-7
- Describes Jesus' divine nature and His humility, relevant to understanding His authority to work on the Sabbath.