Job 24:21

They prey on the barren and childless, and show no kindness to the widow.

Study Bible

They prey
The Hebrew root for "prey" is "טרף" (taraph), which conveys a sense of tearing apart or devouring. This word paints a vivid picture of the ruthless and predatory nature of the wicked, who exploit the vulnerable. In the ancient Near Eastern context, this term would evoke images of wild animals attacking their prey, highlighting the brutality and mercilessness of those who take advantage of the defenseless.

on the barren and childless woman
In ancient times, barrenness was often seen as a curse or a sign of divine displeasure. The Hebrew word for "barren" is "עקרה" (aqarah), which refers to a woman unable to bear children. Childlessness left women particularly vulnerable, as they lacked the social and economic security that children provided. The phrase underscores the heartlessness of those who exploit such women, emphasizing their disregard for the suffering and social stigma these women already endure.

and show no kindness
The Hebrew word for "kindness" is "חסד" (chesed), a rich term that encompasses love, mercy, and faithfulness. It is often used to describe God's covenantal love for His people. The absence of "chesed" in the actions of the wicked highlights their moral and spiritual bankruptcy. In a society where community and mutual support were vital, failing to show "chesed" was a grave moral failing, reflecting a heart far from God.

to the widow
Widows were among the most vulnerable members of ancient society, often left without a means of support or protection. The Hebrew word "אלמנה" (almanah) refers to a woman who has lost her husband. Scripture frequently commands care for widows, reflecting God's heart for justice and compassion (e.g., Deuteronomy 10:18, James 1:27). The mistreatment of widows is a recurring theme in the Bible, symbolizing a broader neglect of justice and mercy. This phrase serves as a stark reminder of the call to protect and provide for those who cannot defend themselves, aligning with the broader biblical mandate to care for the marginalized.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Job
The central figure of the Book of Job, a man of great faith who undergoes severe trials and suffering. Job is known for his patience and endurance.

2. Barren and Childless Woman
Represents those who are vulnerable and marginalized in society, often facing social stigma and economic hardship in ancient times.

3. Widow
Another symbol of vulnerability, widows in biblical times were often left without protection or provision, making them susceptible to exploitation.

4. The Oppressors
Those who take advantage of the weak and vulnerable, showing a lack of compassion and justice.

5. The Setting of Job
The land of Uz, where Job lived, is a place of both prosperity and suffering, reflecting the dual nature of human existence.

Teaching Points

Compassion for the Vulnerable
As believers, we are called to show kindness and support to those who are marginalized, such as widows and the childless, reflecting God's heart for justice.

Condemnation of Exploitation
The verse highlights the sin of exploiting the weak. Christians are urged to stand against such injustices and advocate for the oppressed.

God's Justice
While the wicked may seem to prosper temporarily, God's justice will ultimately prevail. This should encourage believers to trust in God's timing and righteousness.

Role of the Church
The church is called to be a refuge for the vulnerable, providing support and advocacy for those in need, following the example of Christ.

Personal Reflection
Consider how you can personally contribute to alleviating the suffering of the vulnerable in your community, whether through direct action or support of charitable organizations.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Job 24:21 challenge our understanding of justice and compassion in today's society?

2. In what ways can the church actively support widows and the childless in our communities?

3. How do the themes of vulnerability and exploitation in Job 24:21 connect with the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament?

4. Reflect on a time when you witnessed or experienced exploitation. How can Job 24:21 guide your response to such situations?

5. What practical steps can you take to ensure that you are not complicit in the exploitation of the vulnerable, either directly or indirectly?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 22:22-24
This passage warns against mistreating widows and orphans, highlighting God's concern for the vulnerable and His promise of justice.

Isaiah 1:17
Encourages believers to defend the cause of the fatherless and plead the case of the widow, emphasizing the call to social justice.

James 1:27
Defines pure religion as caring for orphans and widows in their distress, connecting faith with action.