Jeremiah 51:44
I will punish Bel in Babylon. I will make him spew out what he swallowed. The nations will no longer stream to him; even the wall of Babylon will fall.
I will punish Bel in Babylon
The phrase begins with a declaration of divine judgment. "I will punish" indicates God's active role in executing justice. The Hebrew root for "punish" is פָּקַד (paqad), which can mean to visit, attend to, or reckon with. This suggests a direct intervention by God against the false deity "Bel," a title for Marduk, the chief god of Babylon. Historically, Bel was a central figure in Babylonian worship, representing the power and pride of the empire. God's punishment of Bel symbolizes the defeat of Babylon's spiritual and political power.

and make him spew out what he has swallowed
This vivid imagery of "make him spew out" conveys the idea of forced regurgitation, symbolizing the undoing of Babylon's conquests and plunder. The Hebrew verb used here is בָּלַע (bala), meaning to swallow or engulf. Babylon, personified by Bel, had metaphorically "swallowed" nations and wealth. God's intervention would cause Babylon to relinquish its ill-gotten gains, highlighting the futility of its greed and the ultimate justice of God.

The nations will no longer stream to him
The phrase "The nations will no longer stream to him" indicates a cessation of the flow of tribute, allegiance, and worship that Babylon once commanded. The Hebrew word for "stream" is נָהַר (nahar), which can mean to flow or to shine. This suggests a once vibrant and powerful draw that Babylon had over the nations, now coming to an end. Historically, Babylon was a center of commerce and power, attracting people from various regions. The cessation of this flow signifies the collapse of Babylon's influence and the end of its dominance.

and the wall of Babylon will fall
The "wall of Babylon" represents the city's strength and security. Babylon was renowned for its formidable walls, considered one of the wonders of the ancient world. The Hebrew word for "fall" is נָפַל (naphal), meaning to fall or collapse. This prophecy foretells the literal and symbolic downfall of Babylon. The fall of its walls signifies not just a military defeat but the crumbling of its pride and self-reliance. In a broader scriptural context, this serves as a reminder of the transient nature of human power and the ultimate sovereignty of God over all nations.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Bel
A title for the Babylonian god Marduk, representing the idolatry and false worship prevalent in Babylon.

2. Babylon
An ancient city and empire known for its wealth, power, and opposition to God’s people. It symbolizes human pride and rebellion against God.

3. Jeremiah
A prophet of God who delivered messages of judgment and hope to the people of Judah and surrounding nations.

4. The Nations
Refers to the various peoples and kingdoms that were influenced by or subjugated to Babylon.

5. The Wall of Babylon
Symbolizes the strength and security of Babylon, which God declares will fall.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereignty Over Idols
God demonstrates His power over false gods and idols, reminding us that He alone is worthy of worship.

Judgment on Pride and Rebellion
Babylon's fall serves as a warning against pride and rebellion against God. We must remain humble and obedient to His will.

The Futility of Trusting in Worldly Powers
Just as Babylon's walls could not protect it from God's judgment, we should not place our trust in worldly security.

God's Faithfulness to His Promises
God promised to bring judgment on Babylon, and He fulfilled it. We can trust that He will fulfill all His promises to us.

The Call to Separate from Idolatry
Believers are called to separate themselves from idolatry and anything that draws them away from God.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the judgment on Bel in Babylon challenge our understanding of God's power over false gods and idols?

2. In what ways can the fall of Babylon serve as a warning to us today regarding pride and self-reliance?

3. How can we apply the lesson of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to our personal lives?

4. What are some modern-day "walls of Babylon" that people might trust in, and how can we ensure our trust is in God alone?

5. How can we actively separate ourselves from idolatry in our daily lives, and what steps can we take to ensure our worship is directed solely to God?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Isaiah 46:1-2
This passage also speaks of the downfall of Babylonian gods, emphasizing God's supremacy over idols.

Revelation 18
Describes the fall of "Babylon the Great," symbolizing the ultimate defeat of worldly systems opposed to God.

Daniel 5
The account of Belshazzar’s feast and the writing on the wall, illustrating the imminent judgment on Babylon.

Psalm 115:4-8
Discusses the futility of idol worship, contrasting the living God with lifeless idols.
The Duty of Separating from the WorldA.F. Muir Jeremiah 51:6, 50
People
Ashchenaz, Ashkenaz, Babylonians, Jacob, Jeremiah, Maaseiah, Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadrezzar, Neriah, Seraiah, Zedekiah
Places
Ararat, Babylon, Chaldea, Euphrates River, Jerusalem, Leb-kamai, Zion
Topics
Babylon, Bel, Bring, Execute, Fall, Flow, Forth, Judgment, Longer, Mouth, Nations, Spew, Stream, Swallowed, Wall, Yes
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Jeremiah 51:44

     5315   fortifications
     8747   false gods

Jeremiah 51:44-45

     5178   running

Library
The Power of Assyria at Its Zenith; Esarhaddon and Assur-Bani-Pal
The Medes and Cimmerians: Lydia--The conquest of Egypt, of Arabia, and of Elam. As we have already seen, Sennacherib reigned for eight years after his triumph; eight years of tranquillity at home, and of peace with all his neighbours abroad. If we examine the contemporary monuments or the documents of a later period, and attempt to glean from them some details concerning the close of his career, we find that there is a complete absence of any record of national movement on the part of either Elam,
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 8

'As Sodom'
'Zedekiah was one and twenty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. 2. And he did that which was evil in the eyes of the Lord, according to all that Jehoiakim had done. 3. For through the anger of the Lord it came to pass in Jerusalem and Judah, till he had cast them out from his presence, that Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon. 4. And it came to pass, in the ninth year of his reign,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

How those who Fear Scourges and those who Contemn them are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 14.) Differently to be admonished are those who fear scourges, and on that account live innocently, and those who have grown so hard in wickedness as not to be corrected even by scourges. For those who fear scourges are to be told by no means to desire temporal goods as being of great account, seeing that bad men also have them, and by no means to shun present evils as intolerable, seeing they are not ignorant how for the most part good men also are touched by them. They are to be admonished
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Christian Meekness
Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth Matthew 5:5 We are now got to the third step leading in the way to blessedness, Christian meekness. Blessed are the meek'. See how the Spirit of God adorns the hidden man of the heart, with multiplicity of graces! The workmanship of the Holy Ghost is not only curious, but various. It makes the heart meek, pure, peaceable etc. The graces therefore are compared to needlework, which is different and various in its flowers and colours (Psalm 45:14).
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

Covenanting Adapted to the Moral Constitution of Man.
The law of God originates in his nature, but the attributes of his creatures are due to his sovereignty. The former is, accordingly, to be viewed as necessarily obligatory on the moral subjects of his government, and the latter--which are all consistent with the holiness of the Divine nature, are to be considered as called into exercise according to his appointment. Hence, also, the law of God is independent of his creatures, though made known on their account; but the operation of their attributes
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

A Discourse of the House and Forest of Lebanon
OF THE HOUSE OF THE FOREST OF LEBANON. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. That part of Palestine in which the celebrated mountains of Lebanon are situated, is the border country adjoining Syria, having Sidon for its seaport, and Land, nearly adjoining the city of Damascus, on the north. This metropolitan city of Syria, and capital of the kingdom of Damascus, was strongly fortified; and during the border conflicts it served as a cover to the Assyrian army. Bunyan, with great reason, supposes that, to keep
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Jeremiah
The interest of the book of Jeremiah is unique. On the one hand, it is our most reliable and elaborate source for the long period of history which it covers; on the other, it presents us with prophecy in its most intensely human phase, manifesting itself through a strangely attractive personality that was subject to like doubts and passions with ourselves. At his call, in 626 B.C., he was young and inexperienced, i. 6, so that he cannot have been born earlier than 650. The political and religious
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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