Isaiah 21:11

This is the burden against Dumah: One calls to me from Seir, "Watchman, what is left of the night? Watchman, what is left of the night?"

Study Bible

This is an oracle
The term "oracle" in Hebrew is "מַשָּׂא" (massa), which can mean a burden or a message. In the prophetic context, it often refers to a divine revelation or pronouncement. This suggests that the message is weighty and significant, carrying the authority of God. The use of "oracle" indicates that what follows is not merely human speculation but a communication from the divine, meant to instruct, warn, or guide.

concerning Dumah
"Dumah" is traditionally understood to refer to a region or people, possibly linked to Edom, as suggested by the context of Seir. The name "Dumah" itself means "silence" or "stillness," which could symbolize the impending judgment or desolation. Historically, Dumah is associated with a tribe descended from Ishmael (Genesis 25:14), and its mention here may imply a broader message to the surrounding nations, emphasizing the reach of God's sovereignty and judgment.

Someone calls to me
The phrase suggests an urgent inquiry or plea. The caller's identity is not specified, which may imply a universal or representative voice, symbolizing those who seek understanding or reassurance in times of uncertainty. This calling out reflects a deep human need for guidance and clarity, especially in the face of impending danger or judgment.

from Seir
Seir is a mountainous region associated with Edom, located southeast of the Dead Sea. It holds historical significance as the dwelling place of Esau's descendants. The mention of Seir connects the oracle to Edom, a nation often in conflict with Israel. This geographical reference roots the prophecy in a real-world context, reminding readers of the historical enmity and the broader narrative of God's dealings with the nations.

Watchman
The "watchman" is a metaphor for a prophet or spiritual leader tasked with vigilance and warning. In ancient times, watchmen were crucial for a city's defense, alerting inhabitants to approaching danger. Spiritually, the watchman represents those who are attentive to God's revelations and who warn others of spiritual and moral perils. This role underscores the responsibility of leaders to be discerning and proactive in guiding their communities.

what is left of the night?
The repetition of this question emphasizes urgency and concern. "Night" often symbolizes darkness, danger, or a period of trial. The inquiry about what remains of the night suggests a longing for the end of suffering or uncertainty. It reflects a hope for the dawn, a new beginning, or divine intervention. This question resonates with the human experience of waiting and longing for deliverance and clarity.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Dumah
Dumah is often associated with Edom, a region and people descended from Esau, Jacob's brother. The name "Dumah" means "silence" or "stillness," which may symbolize the impending judgment or desolation.

2. Seir
A mountainous region inhabited by the Edomites, located southeast of the Dead Sea. It is often used interchangeably with Edom in the Bible.

3. Watchman
A metaphorical figure representing a prophet or someone who is vigilant and responsible for warning others of impending danger or change.

4. Night
Symbolically represents a time of darkness, uncertainty, or judgment. The repeated question about the night suggests a longing for the end of a difficult period.

5. Oracle
A divine message or prophecy, often concerning future events or judgments.

Teaching Points

The Role of the Watchman
Just as the watchman in Isaiah is vigilant, Christians are called to be spiritually alert and discerning, ready to warn others of spiritual dangers.

The Symbolism of Night
The night represents times of trial and uncertainty. Believers are encouraged to hold onto hope and trust in God's timing for deliverance.

Seeking God's Guidance
The repeated question, "What is left of the night?" reflects a deep yearning for understanding and guidance. Christians are encouraged to seek God's wisdom in times of uncertainty.

The Certainty of God's Judgment
The oracle concerning Dumah serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the certainty of His judgment. Believers are called to live righteously in light of this truth.

Hope in the Morning
Just as the night gives way to morning, believers can have confidence that God will bring light and resolution to their darkest times.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the role of the watchman in Isaiah 21:11 teach us about our responsibilities as Christians today?

2. How can the symbolism of "night" in this passage help us understand our own times of spiritual darkness or uncertainty?

3. In what ways can we seek and discern God's guidance when we are faced with difficult questions or situations?

4. How does the certainty of God's judgment, as seen in the oracle concerning Dumah, influence the way we live our daily lives?

5. What are some practical ways we can hold onto hope and anticipate God's deliverance during challenging times, as symbolized by the coming of the morning?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezekiel 3:17
The role of the watchman is further elaborated, emphasizing the responsibility to warn the people of impending danger.

Psalm 130:6
The longing for the morning parallels the watchman's anticipation for the end of the night, symbolizing hope and deliverance.

Matthew 24:42
Jesus' teaching on being watchful and prepared for His return connects with the theme of vigilance in Isaiah 21:11.