Ezekiel 1:8
Under their wings on their four sides they had human hands. All four living creatures had faces and wings,
Under their wings
The phrase "under their wings" suggests a place of protection and covering. In the Hebrew context, the word for "wings" (כָּנָף, kanaph) often symbolizes shelter and divine protection, as seen in other scriptures like Psalm 91:4. The imagery of wings in Ezekiel's vision conveys the idea of God's creatures being under His sovereign care and guidance, emphasizing the divine nature of the vision.

on their four sides
This phrase indicates the completeness and omnidirectional presence of the creatures. The number four in biblical numerology often represents universality or the entirety of the earth (e.g., four corners of the earth). The creatures' ability to see and act in all directions without turning signifies God's omnipresence and omniscience, reinforcing the message that nothing is hidden from His sight.

they had human hands
The presence of "human hands" under the wings of these creatures is significant. Hands in the Bible often symbolize action, power, and capability. The Hebrew word for hand (יָד, yad) is frequently used to denote strength and authority. By attributing human hands to these divine beings, the text suggests that they are equipped to carry out God's will with precision and skill, bridging the divine and human realms.

All four of them
The repetition of "all four of them" underscores the unity and harmony among the creatures. Despite their complex and multifaceted appearance, they operate as a single entity, reflecting the unity within the divine order. This unity serves as a model for the Church, which, though diverse, is called to function as one body in Christ.

had faces and wings
The mention of "faces and wings" highlights the dual nature of these creatures as both sentient and spiritual beings. Faces represent identity and personality, while wings denote their heavenly origin and ability to transcend earthly limitations. This duality points to the creatures' role as intermediaries between God and humanity, capable of understanding and executing divine commands while remaining in constant worship and service to God.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ezekiel
A prophet and priest during the Babylonian exile, Ezekiel is the author of the book and the recipient of the visions described.

2. Cherubim
These are the living creatures described in Ezekiel's vision, often associated with the presence and glory of God.

3. Babylon
The place of exile for the Israelites, where Ezekiel received his visions.

4. The Vision of God’s Glory
This is the broader context of Ezekiel 1, where Ezekiel sees a vision of God's glory and the heavenly beings that accompany it.
Teaching Points
The Multifaceted Nature of God’s Servants
The presence of human hands under the wings of the cherubim suggests that God's servants are equipped for action and service. This reminds us that God equips His people with the necessary tools to fulfill His purposes.

Symbolism of Wings and Hands
Wings often symbolize divine protection and presence, while hands represent action and work. Together, they illustrate the balance of divine oversight and human responsibility in God's plan.

The Holiness of God’s Presence
The detailed description of the cherubim underscores the holiness and majesty of God’s presence. As believers, we are called to approach God with reverence and awe.

God’s Sovereignty in Exile
Ezekiel’s vision occurs during a time of exile, reminding us that God’s sovereignty and presence are not limited by geographical or political boundaries. God is with His people even in difficult circumstances.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the description of the cherubim in Ezekiel 1:8 enhance your understanding of the nature of God’s heavenly servants?

2. In what ways can the symbolism of wings and hands in this passage be applied to your own life and service to God?

3. How does the vision of God’s glory in Ezekiel 1 encourage you in times of personal or communal exile or hardship?

4. Compare the depiction of heavenly beings in Ezekiel 1 with those in Revelation 4. What similarities and differences do you notice, and what might they signify?

5. Reflect on the balance between divine protection and human responsibility as illustrated by the cherubim. How can you apply this balance in your daily walk with God?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 25:20
The cherubim on the Ark of the Covenant also have wings, symbolizing the presence of God.

Revelation 4:6-8
The living creatures around the throne of God in John's vision have similarities to Ezekiel's vision, indicating continuity in the depiction of heavenly beings.

Isaiah 6:2
The seraphim in Isaiah's vision also have wings, showing a consistent biblical theme of winged creatures in the presence of God.
The Glory of the EternalVarious Authors Ezekiel 1:4-25
The Providential Government of GodW. Jones Ezekiel 1:4-28
Unseen Forms of Intelligent MinistryJ.D. Davies Ezekiel 1:5-14
Going Straight Toward the GoalEzekiel 1:8-9
Suppression of SelfW. Greenhill, M. A.Ezekiel 1:8-9
The Hand Under the WingH. Starmer.Ezekiel 1:8-9
The Straightforward DirectionSunday CircleEzekiel 1:8-9
People
Babylonians, Buzi, Ezekiel, Jehoiachin
Places
Chebar
Topics
Faces, Hands, Human, Sides, Thus, Wings
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezekiel 1:8

     5156   hand

Ezekiel 1:1-28

     8474   seeing God

Ezekiel 1:3-28

     7775   prophets, lives

Ezekiel 1:4-14

     4150   cherubim

Ezekiel 1:4-18

     1454   theophany

Ezekiel 1:4-28

     1090   God, majesty of
     1469   visions

Ezekiel 1:5-10

     1652   numbers, 3-5

Ezekiel 1:5-25

     4627   creatures

Library
God's Providence
"Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel upon the earth by the living creatures, with his four faces. The appearance of the wheels and their work was like unto the colour of a beryl: and they four had one likeness: and their appearance and their work was as it were a wheel in the middle of a wheel. When they went, they went upon their four sides: and they turned not when they went. As for their rings, they were so high that they were dreadful; and their rings were full of eyes round
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 54: 1908

The Noble Results of this Species of Prayer
The Noble Results of this Species of Prayer Some persons, when they hear of the prayer of silence, falsely imagine, that the soul remains stupid, dead, and inactive. But, unquestionably, it acteth therein, more nobly and more extensively than it had ever done before; for God Himself is the mover, and the soul now acteth by the agency of His Spirit. When S. Paul speaks of our being led by the Spirit of God, it is not meant that we should cease from action; but that we should act through the internal
Madame Guyon—A Short and Easy Method of Prayer

'Deliver us from Evil'
'But deliver us from evil.'--MATT. vi. 13. The two halves of this prayer are like a calm sky with stars shining silently in its steadfast blue, and a troubled earth beneath, where storms sweep, and changes come, and tears are ever being shed. The one is so tranquil, the other so full of woe and want. What a dark picture of human conditions lies beneath the petitions of this second half! Hunger and sin and temptation, and wider still, that tragic word which includes them all--evil. Forgiveness and
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

This State of Prayer not one of Idleness, but of Noble Action, Wrought by the Spirit of God, and in Dependence Upon Him --The Communication Of
Some people, hearing of the prayer of silence, have wrongly imagined that the soul remains inactive, lifeless, and without movement. But the truth is, that its action is more noble and more extensive than it ever was before it entered this degree, since it is moved by God Himself, and acted upon by His Spirit. St Paul desires that we should be led by the Spirit of God (Rom. viii. 14). I do not say that there must be no action, but that we must act in dependence upon the divine movement. This
Jeanne Marie Bouvières—A Short Method Of Prayer And Spiritual Torrents

The Prophet Jonah.
It has been asserted without any sufficient reason, that Jonah is older than Hosea, Joel, Amos, and Obadiah,--that he is the oldest among the prophets whose written monuments have been preserved to us. The passage in 2 Kings xiv. 25, where it is said, that Jonah, the son of Amittai the prophet, prophesied to Jeroboam the happy success of his arms, and the restoration of the ancient boundaries of Israel, and that this prophecy was confirmed by the event, cannot decide in favour of this assertion,
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

How Subjects and Prelates are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 5.) Differently to be admonished are subjects and prelates: the former that subjection crush them not, the latter that superior place elate them not: the former that they fail not to fulfil what is commanded them, the latter that they command not more to be fulfilled than is just: the former that they submit humbly, the latter that they preside temperately. For this, which may be understood also figuratively, is said to the former, Children, obey your parents in the Lord: but to
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

A Sight of the Crowned Christ
(Revelation, Chapter i.) "Since mine eyes were fixed on Jesus, I've lost sight of all beside, So enchained my spirit's vision, Looking at the Crucified." "The Lord Christ passed my humble cot: I knew him, yet I knew him not; But as I oft had done before, I hurried through my narrow door To touch His garment's hem. "He drew me to a place apart From curious crowd and noisy mart; And as I sat there at His feet I caught the thrill of His heart-beat Beyond His garment's hem. "Rare was the bread He broke
by S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks on the Crowned Christ of Revelation

Appendix v. Rabbinic Theology and Literature
1. The Traditional Law. - The brief account given in vol. i. p. 100, of the character and authority claimed for the traditional law may here be supplemented by a chronological arrangement of the Halakhoth in the order of their supposed introduction or promulgation. In the first class, or Halakhoth of Moses from Sinai,' tradition enumerates fifty-five, [6370] which may be thus designated: religio-agrarian, four; [6371] ritual, including questions about clean and unclean,' twenty-three; [6372] concerning
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Of Love to God
I proceed to the second general branch of the text. The persons interested in this privilege. They are lovers of God. "All things work together for good, to them that love God." Despisers and haters of God have no lot or part in this privilege. It is children's bread, it belongs only to them that love God. Because love is the very heart and spirit of religion, I shall the more fully treat upon this; and for the further discussion of it, let us notice these five things concerning love to God. 1. The
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

Covenanting Enforced by the Grant of Covenant Signs and Seals.
To declare emphatically that the people of God are a covenant people, various signs were in sovereignty vouchsafed. The lights in the firmament of heaven were appointed to be for signs, affording direction to the mariner, the husbandman, and others. Miracles wrought on memorable occasions, were constituted signs or tokens of God's universal government. The gracious grant of covenant signs was made in order to proclaim the truth of the existence of God's covenant with his people, to urge the performance
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

An Advance Step in the Royal Programme
(Revelation, Chapters iv. and v.) "We are watching, we are waiting, For the bright prophetic day; When the shadows, weary shadows, From the world shall roll away. "We are watching, we are waiting, For the star that brings the day; When the night of sin shall vanish, And the shadows melt away. "We are watching, we are waiting, For the beauteous King of day; For the chiefest of ten thousand, For the Light, the Truth, the Way. "We are waiting for the morning, When the beauteous day is dawning, We are
by S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks on the Crowned Christ of Revelation

Brief Outline of Ancient Jewish Theological Literature
The arrangements of the synagogue, as hitherto described, combined in a remarkable manner fixedness of order with liberty of the individual. Alike the seasons and the time of public services, their order, the prayers to be offered, and the portions of the law to be read were fixed. On the other hand, between the eighteen "benedictions" said on ordinary days, and the seven repeated on the Sabbaths, free prayer might be inserted; the selection from the prophets, with which the public reading concluded--the
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Ezekiel
To a modern taste, Ezekiel does not appeal anything like so powerfully as Isaiah or Jeremiah. He has neither the majesty of the one nor the tenderness and passion of the other. There is much in him that is fantastic, and much that is ritualistic. His imaginations border sometimes on the grotesque and sometimes on the mechanical. Yet he is a historical figure of the first importance; it was very largely from him that Judaism received the ecclesiastical impulse by which for centuries it was powerfully
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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