Exodus 1:10

Come, let us deal shrewdly with them, or they will increase even more; and if a war breaks out, they may join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country."

Study Bible

Come, we must deal shrewdly with them
This phrase marks the beginning of Pharaoh's plan to suppress the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "deal shrewdly" is "נִתְחַכְּמָה" (nithchakkemah), which implies a cunning or strategic approach. Historically, this reflects the Egyptian rulers' fear of losing control over a growing foreign population within their borders. The Israelites were seen as a potential threat due to their increasing numbers and strength. This phrase sets the stage for the ensuing oppression, highlighting the tension between the Egyptians and the Israelites.

or they will increase
The concern here is the rapid population growth of the Israelites. The Hebrew root "רָבָה" (ravah) means to multiply or become numerous. This reflects God's blessing upon the Israelites, as promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, that their descendants would be as numerous as the stars. The Egyptians' fear of this growth underscores the fulfillment of God's promises, even in the face of adversity.

and if war breaks out
This phrase indicates the Egyptians' fear of external threats and internal instability. Historically, Egypt was a powerful nation but faced threats from neighboring regions. The possibility of war exacerbated their fear of the Israelites, who might ally with enemies. This reflects the political and military concerns of the time, where alliances could shift the balance of power.

they may join our enemies
The Egyptians feared that the Israelites might side with their adversaries. This reflects a common ancient Near Eastern concern about loyalty and the potential for internal groups to collaborate with external foes. The Israelites, as a distinct ethnic group within Egypt, were seen as a wildcard in the event of conflict, highlighting the Egyptians' insecurity and the precariousness of their dominance.

fight against us
This phrase emphasizes the perceived threat of the Israelites as a potential military force. The Egyptians were concerned about the Israelites' ability to rise against them, which speaks to the Israelites' growing strength and numbers. This fear of rebellion is a recurring theme in history, where dominant powers often suppress minority groups to maintain control.

and leave the country
The ultimate fear was that the Israelites would depart, taking their labor and economic contributions with them. The Hebrew word "עָלָה" (alah) means to go up or ascend, often used in the context of leaving or exodus. This foreshadows the eventual Exodus, where the Israelites do indeed leave Egypt, fulfilling God's promise of deliverance. The Egyptians' fear of losing their workforce highlights their dependence on the Israelites and sets the stage for the dramatic events that follow.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt who felt threatened by the growing population of the Israelites and sought to oppress them.

2. Israelites
The descendants of Jacob living in Egypt, whose increasing numbers caused fear among the Egyptians.

3. Egypt
The land where the Israelites were living and multiplying, leading to the Egyptians' fear of their potential power.

4. Enemies
The potential adversaries of Egypt that Pharaoh feared the Israelites might join in case of war.

5. Oppression
The event and strategy initiated by Pharaoh to subdue the Israelites through forced labor and harsh treatment.

Teaching Points

Fear and Control
Pharaoh's fear led to oppressive control. Fear can lead to irrational decisions that harm others. We must trust God rather than act out of fear.

God's Sovereignty
Despite Pharaoh's plans, God's purposes for Israel were not thwarted. Trust in God's sovereignty even when circumstances seem dire.

Faithfulness in Adversity
The Israelites' growth despite oppression is a testament to God's faithfulness. We can remain faithful and trust God to work through our trials.

Human Schemes vs. Divine Plans
Human attempts to thwart God's plans are ultimately futile. Aligning with God's will is essential for true success.

Community and Unity
The Israelites' unity was seen as a threat. In the body of Christ, unity is a strength that should be fostered for God's glory.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Pharaoh's fear of the Israelites reflect common human responses to perceived threats, and how can we apply a biblical perspective to such fears?

2. In what ways does the oppression of the Israelites in Egypt parallel challenges faced by believers today, and how can we find encouragement in God's promises?

3. How does the account of the Israelites in Egypt demonstrate God's sovereignty, and what other biblical examples reinforce this truth?

4. What lessons can we learn from the Israelites' experience about maintaining faith and integrity under pressure?

5. How can the unity of the Israelites serve as a model for the church today, and what scriptures support the importance of unity in the body of Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 15:13-14
God's prophecy to Abraham about his descendants being strangers in a foreign land and oppressed, which sets the stage for the events in Exodus.

Acts 7:17-19
Stephen's speech recounts the oppression of the Israelites in Egypt, highlighting God's faithfulness in delivering them.

Psalm 105:24-25
Describes how God made His people very fruitful and stronger than their foes, and how He turned the hearts of the Egyptians to hate His people.