Deuteronomy 22:5

A woman must not wear men's clothing, and a man must not wear women's clothing, for whoever does these things is detestable to the LORD your God.

Study Bible

A woman must not wear men’s clothing
The Hebrew phrase here, "כְּלִי גֶּבֶר" (keli gever), refers to articles or implements associated with a man. In ancient Israelite culture, clothing was a significant marker of gender identity and societal roles. This commandment underscores the importance of maintaining distinct gender roles as ordained by God. The cultural context of the time emphasized clear distinctions between male and female roles, which were seen as divinely instituted. This phrase can be understood as a call to honor the God-given differences between men and women, reflecting the order and purpose established in creation.

and a man must not put on women’s clothing
The Hebrew term "שִׂמְלַת אִשָּׁה" (simlat ishah) refers to garments typically worn by women. In the ancient Near East, clothing was not only functional but also symbolic of one's identity and role within the community. This prohibition serves as a safeguard against the blurring of gender distinctions, which were considered essential for the proper functioning of society. The underlying principle is the preservation of the natural order as designed by God, where men and women complement each other in their distinct roles.

For whoever does these things
This phrase highlights the seriousness of the command. The use of "whoever" indicates that this is a universal principle, not limited to a specific group or time. It suggests that the act of cross-dressing is not merely a cultural taboo but a violation of divine order. The emphasis is on the action itself, which is seen as a deliberate attempt to subvert the distinctions established by God.

is detestable to the LORD your God
The Hebrew word "תּוֹעֵבָה" (to'evah) is often translated as "abomination" or "detestable." It conveys a strong sense of moral repugnance. In the biblical context, actions deemed "detestable" are those that are fundamentally opposed to God's nature and will. This phrase underscores the gravity of the offense, as it is not merely a social or cultural issue but a matter of spiritual significance. The use of "the LORD your God" personalizes the command, reminding the Israelites of their covenant relationship with God and their obligation to uphold His standards. This serves as a call to holiness, urging believers to align their lives with God's design and purpose.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, delivering God's laws to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The audience receiving the law, God's chosen people, who are being prepared to enter the Promised Land.

3. The LORD (Yahweh)
The God of Israel, who is giving these commandments to maintain holiness and order among His people.

Teaching Points

Understanding God's Order
God created male and female with distinct roles and purposes. This commandment emphasizes the importance of respecting and maintaining these distinctions as part of His divine order.

Cultural Context and Application
While the specific cultural expressions of clothing may change, the underlying principle of honoring God's created order remains relevant. Christians are called to discern how to apply this principle in their cultural context.

Holiness and Identity
This commandment is about more than clothing; it is about identity and holiness. Believers are called to reflect God's holiness in all aspects of life, including how they present themselves.

Avoiding Confusion and Deception
The prohibition against cross-dressing can be seen as a safeguard against confusion and deception regarding gender identity, which is increasingly relevant in today's society.

Respecting God's Design
By adhering to God's design for gender, believers demonstrate respect for His wisdom and sovereignty, acknowledging that His ways are higher than our own.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Deuteronomy 22:5 reflect God's design for gender roles, and why is this important for Christians today?

2. In what ways can Christians apply the principle of maintaining gender distinctions in a modern cultural context?

3. How do the teachings in Genesis 1:27 and 1 Corinthians 11:14-15 complement the commandment in Deuteronomy 22:5?

4. What are some practical ways believers can demonstrate respect for God's created order in their daily lives?

5. How can understanding the cultural context of ancient Israel help us interpret and apply Deuteronomy 22:5 in today's world?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 1:27
This verse speaks of God creating humans as male and female, establishing a divine order and distinction in creation.

1 Corinthians 11:14-15
Paul discusses the natural order and distinctions between men and women, emphasizing the importance of maintaining these distinctions.

Leviticus 18:22
This verse addresses maintaining sexual purity and the natural order, which aligns with the theme of Deuteronomy 22:5.

Romans 1:26-27
Paul speaks about the consequences of abandoning natural relations, which can be seen as a broader context for understanding the importance of maintaining God-given distinctions.