Deuteronomy 16:21
Do not set up any wooden Asherah pole next to the altar you will build for the LORD your God,
You must not set up
This phrase is a direct command, emphasizing the prohibition against certain practices. The Hebrew root here is "lo titta," which conveys a strong negative imperative. In the context of ancient Israel, this command underscores the importance of obedience to God's laws and the rejection of idolatrous practices. The Israelites were called to be distinct from the surrounding nations, who often engaged in idol worship.

any wooden Asherah pole
The Asherah pole was a sacred tree or pole that stood near Canaanite religious sites, associated with the worship of the goddess Asherah. The Hebrew word "Asherah" refers to both the goddess and the object of worship. Archaeological findings have uncovered numerous Asherah figurines and poles, highlighting the prevalence of this practice in ancient Near Eastern cultures. The command to avoid setting up an Asherah pole is a call to purity and exclusive devotion to Yahweh, rejecting syncretism and the blending of pagan practices with the worship of the true God.

beside the altar
The altar was a central place of worship and sacrifice to Yahweh. In Hebrew, "mizbeach" refers to the altar, a sacred space dedicated to God. The placement of an Asherah pole beside the altar would symbolize a compromise in worship, mixing the holy with the profane. This command reinforces the need for the Israelites to maintain the sanctity of their worship practices, ensuring that their devotion to God remains untainted by foreign influences.

you build for the LORD your God
This phrase personalizes the command, reminding the Israelites of their covenant relationship with Yahweh. The Hebrew name for God used here is "YHWH," the personal and covenantal name of God, emphasizing His unique relationship with His people. The act of building an altar is an expression of worship and dedication to God, and it must reflect His holiness and exclusivity. The Israelites are reminded that their worship is to be directed solely to the LORD, who has revealed Himself to them and delivered them from Egypt.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, delivering God's laws and instructions to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, receiving the law as they prepare to enter the Promised Land.

3. Asherah
A Canaanite goddess often associated with fertility and worshiped through wooden poles or trees.

4. The Altar
A sacred place for offering sacrifices to the LORD, representing His presence and worship.

5. The Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites are about to enter and where they must uphold God's commandments.
Teaching Points
Idolatry and Its Dangers
Idolatry is a direct violation of God's commandments and leads to spiritual adultery. Believers must be vigilant in identifying and removing any form of idolatry in their lives.

Purity in Worship
Worship of God must be pure and untainted by pagan practices. This calls for discernment and dedication to maintaining the sanctity of worship spaces and practices.

Cultural Influence
The Israelites were warned against adopting the practices of surrounding nations. Christians today must be cautious of cultural influences that contradict biblical teachings.

Obedience to God's Commands
Obedience to God's commands is crucial for maintaining a relationship with Him. This includes adhering to His instructions even when they counter cultural norms.

Spiritual Leadership
Leaders, like Moses and later Gideon, are called to guide their people away from idolatry and towards true worship. Spiritual leaders today have a responsibility to uphold and teach God's truth.
Bible Study Questions
1. What are some modern-day "Asherah poles" that might compete with our worship of God, and how can we remove them from our lives?

2. How does the command in Deuteronomy 16:21 reflect the importance of purity in worship, and what steps can we take to ensure our worship remains pure?

3. In what ways can cultural influences lead us away from God's commandments, and how can we guard against this?

4. How can we apply the principle of obedience to God's commands in our daily lives, especially when faced with societal pressures?

5. What role do spiritual leaders play in guiding communities away from idolatry, and how can we support them in this mission?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 34:13
This verse commands the Israelites to tear down altars, smash sacred stones, and cut down Asherah poles, emphasizing the need to remove idolatry.

Judges 6:25-26
Gideon is instructed to tear down his father's Asherah pole, illustrating the ongoing struggle against idolatry in Israel.

1 Kings 14:15
The consequences of setting up Asherah poles are highlighted, showing how they lead to Israel's downfall.

2 Kings 23:6
King Josiah's reforms include removing Asherah poles, demonstrating a return to true worship of God.
Model JudgesJ. Orr Deuteronomy 16:18-21
The Administration of JusticeD. Davies Deuteronomy 16:18-22
Idolatry ForbiddenJ. Wolfendale.Deuteronomy 16:21-22
Images ForbiddenJ. Parker, D. D.Deuteronomy 16:21-22
The Pathways to Temptation to be ShunnedD. Davies Deuteronomy 16:21, 22
People
Levites, Moses
Places
Beth-baal-peor, Egypt
Topics
Altar, Asherah, Ashe'rah, Beside, Build, Grove, Holy, Kind, Makest, Plant, Planted, Pole, Shrine, Sort, Thyself, Tree, Trees, Wood, Yourselves
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Deuteronomy 16:21-22

     5875   hatred

Library
The Age of the Apostles (Ad 33-100)
The beginning of the Christian Church is reckoned from the great day on which the Holy Ghost came down, according as our Lord had promised to His Apostles. At that time, "Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven," were gathered together at Jerusalem, to keep the Feast of Pentecost (or Feast of Weeks), which was one of the three holy seasons at which God required His people to appear before Him in the place which He had chosen (Deuteronomy xvi. 16). Many of these devout men there converted
J. C. Roberston—Sketches of Church History, from AD 33 to the Reformation

Whether Six Daughters are Fittingly Assigned to Gluttony?
Objection 1: It would seem that six daughters are unfittingly assigned to gluttony, to wit, "unseemly joy, scurrility, uncleanness, loquaciousness, and dullness of mind as regards the understanding." For unseemly joy results from every sin, according to Prov. 2:14, "Who are glad when they have done evil, and rejoice in most wicked things." Likewise dullness of mind is associated with every sin, according to Prov. 14:22, "They err that work evil." Therefore they are unfittingly reckoned to be daughters
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Pride Should be Reckoned a Capital vice?
Objection 1: It would seem that pride should be reckoned a capital vice, since Isidore [*Comment. in Deut. xvi] and Cassian [*De Inst. Caenob. v, 1: Collat. v, 2] number pride among the capital vices. Objection 2: Further, pride is apparently the same as vainglory, since both covet excellence. Now vainglory is reckoned a capital vice. Therefore pride also should be reckoned a capital vice. Objection 3: Further, Augustine says (De Virginit. xxxi) that "pride begets envy, nor is it ever without this
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

The Passing and the Permanent
'For the mountains shall depart, and the hills be removed; but My kindness shall not depart from thee, neither shall the covenant of My peace be removed, saith the Lord that hath mercy on thee.'--ISAIAH liv, 10.-- There is something of music in the very sound of these words. The stately march of the grand English translation lends itself with wonderful beauty to the melody of Isaiah's words. But the thought that lies below them, sweeping as it does through the whole creation, and parting all things
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Obedience
Take heed, and hearken, O Israel; this day thou art become the people of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt therefore obey the voice of the Lord thy God, and do his commandments.' Deut 27: 9, 10. What is the duty which God requireth of man? Obedience to his revealed will. It is not enough to hear God's voice, but we must obey. Obedience is a part of the honour we owe to God. If then I be a Father, where is my honour?' Mal 1: 6. Obedience carries in it the life-blood of religion. Obey the voice of the Lord
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

The Second Commandment
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am o jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of then that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.' Exod 20: 4-6. I. Thou shalt not
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Appeal to the Christian Women of the South
BY A.E. GRIMKE. "Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not within thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house more than all the Jews. For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place: but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this. And Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer:--and so will I go in unto the king,
Angelina Emily Grimke—An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South

The Life and Death of Mr. Badman,
Presented to the World in a Familiar Dialogue Between Mr. Wiseman and Mr. Attentive. By John Bunyan ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. The life of Badman is a very interesting description, a true and lively portraiture, of the demoralized classes of the trading community in the reign of King Charles II; a subject which naturally led the author to use expressions familiar among such persons, but which are now either obsolete or considered as vulgar. In fact it is the only work proceeding from the prolific
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Deuteronomy
Owing to the comparatively loose nature of the connection between consecutive passages in the legislative section, it is difficult to present an adequate summary of the book of Deuteronomy. In the first section, i.-iv. 40, Moses, after reviewing the recent history of the people, and showing how it reveals Jehovah's love for Israel, earnestly urges upon them the duty of keeping His laws, reminding them of His spirituality and absoluteness. Then follows the appointment, iv. 41-43--here irrelevant (cf.
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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