2 Corinthians 3:11

For if what was fading away came with glory, how much greater is the glory of that which endures!

Study Bible

For if what was fading away
This phrase refers to the Old Covenant, specifically the Mosaic Law, which was given to the Israelites. The Greek word used here for "fading away" is "katargeo," which means to render idle or inactive. Historically, the Old Covenant was a temporary measure, a shadow of the things to come (Hebrews 10:1). It was glorious in its time, as it was given by God and served to guide His people. However, it was not meant to be permanent. The fading nature of the Old Covenant is symbolized by the veil over Moses' face, which he wore to hide the fading glory (2 Corinthians 3:13).

came with glory
The Old Covenant was indeed glorious. The Greek word for "glory" is "doxa," which signifies honor, splendor, and divine quality. When Moses received the Law on Mount Sinai, his face shone with the glory of God (Exodus 34:29-35). This glory was a reflection of God's holiness and His covenant with Israel. The Law revealed God's standards and His righteousness, serving as a tutor to lead us to Christ (Galatians 3:24). The glory of the Old Covenant was real and significant, but it was a preparatory glory, pointing to something greater.

how much greater is the glory
The phrase "how much greater" emphasizes the superiority of the New Covenant. The Greek word "mallon" is used here, meaning "more" or "to a greater degree." The New Covenant, established through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, surpasses the Old in every way. It is not just an improvement but a fulfillment and completion. The glory of the New Covenant is greater because it is based on better promises (Hebrews 8:6) and is eternal, not temporary.

of that which endures!
The New Covenant is described as "that which endures," highlighting its eternal nature. The Greek word "meno" means to remain or abide. Unlike the Old Covenant, which was destined to fade, the New Covenant is everlasting. It is written not on tablets of stone but on human hearts (2 Corinthians 3:3). This enduring covenant is characterized by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, who transforms believers into the image of Christ from glory to glory (2 Corinthians 3:18). The permanence of the New Covenant assures believers of their eternal relationship with God, secured by the finished work of Christ.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of 2 Corinthians, addressing the church in Corinth. He is explaining the superiority of the New Covenant over the Old Covenant.

2. Corinth
A major city in ancient Greece where the church Paul is addressing is located. Known for its diverse culture and significant trade.

3. Old Covenant
Refers to the Mosaic Law given to the Israelites, which Paul describes as "fading away."

4. New Covenant
The covenant established through Jesus Christ, characterized by enduring glory and life through the Spirit.

5. Moses
The mediator of the Old Covenant, whose face shone with glory after receiving the Law, symbolizing the temporary glory of the Old Covenant.

Teaching Points

The Temporary vs. the Eternal
The Old Covenant, though glorious, was temporary and pointed to something greater. The New Covenant, established through Christ, is eternal and surpasses the old in glory.

The Role of the Spirit
The New Covenant is characterized by the work of the Holy Spirit, who transforms believers from within, unlike the external adherence required by the Old Covenant.

Living in the New Covenant
Believers are called to live in the freedom and glory of the New Covenant, embracing the transformative power of the Spirit in their daily lives.

Reflecting God's Glory
Just as Moses' face reflected God's glory, believers are to reflect the glory of Christ in their lives, growing in His likeness through the Spirit.

Confidence in the New Covenant
The enduring nature of the New Covenant gives believers confidence and hope, knowing that their relationship with God is secure and everlasting.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the temporary nature of the Old Covenant help us appreciate the New Covenant?

2. In what ways can we see the work of the Holy Spirit in our lives as evidence of the New Covenant?

3. How can we actively reflect the glory of Christ in our daily interactions with others?

4. What are some practical ways to live in the freedom and confidence of the New Covenant?

5. How do the promises of the New Covenant, as described in Jeremiah 31:31-34, impact your personal relationship with God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 34:29-35
Describes Moses' face shining after receiving the Law, illustrating the temporary glory of the Old Covenant.

Hebrews 8:6-13
Discusses the superiority of the New Covenant, which is established on better promises and is eternal.

Romans 8:1-4
Explains how the New Covenant brings life and freedom through the Spirit, contrasting with the condemnation of the Law.

Jeremiah 31:31-34
Prophecy of the New Covenant, emphasizing its internal and enduring nature.