1 Samuel 31:13

Then they took their bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Jabesh, and they fasted seven days.

Study Bible

Then they took their bones
This phrase refers to the remains of Saul and his sons, who had fallen in battle against the Philistines. The act of retrieving their bones signifies a deep respect and honor for the deceased, a practice deeply rooted in ancient Israelite culture. The Hebrew word for "bones" (עֲצָמוֹת, 'atzamot) often symbolizes the essence or core of a person, indicating that even in death, the dignity of Saul and his sons was preserved by their people.

and buried them
Burial was a significant act in ancient Israel, reflecting beliefs about the afterlife and the importance of resting with one's ancestors. The Hebrew word for "buried" (קָבַר, qabar) implies a sense of finality and peace. This act of burial underlines the community's commitment to honoring their leaders, despite Saul's troubled reign, and ensuring they were laid to rest with dignity.

under the tamarisk tree
The tamarisk tree (אֵשֶׁל, eshel) is mentioned several times in the Old Testament and is often associated with significant events or places. In this context, the tree serves as a landmark and a place of remembrance. The choice of a tamarisk tree may symbolize endurance and resilience, as these trees are known for their ability to thrive in harsh conditions, much like the enduring legacy of Saul's kingship despite its challenges.

in Jabesh
Jabesh-Gilead was a city in the territory of Israel that had a special connection to Saul. Earlier in his reign, Saul had rescued the city from the Ammonites (1 Samuel 11), and this act of valor had endeared him to its people. The burial in Jabesh signifies a full-circle moment, where the people of Jabesh-Gilead repay Saul's earlier kindness by ensuring he and his sons receive a proper burial.

and they fasted seven days
Fasting for seven days was a traditional period of mourning in ancient Israel, reflecting deep sorrow and respect for the deceased. The number seven often represents completeness or perfection in the Bible, indicating that the mourning period was thorough and heartfelt. This communal act of fasting underscores the collective grief of the Israelites and their recognition of the gravity of losing their king and his sons.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Men of Jabesh-gilead
These were the valiant men who retrieved the bodies of Saul and his sons from the Philistines. Their actions demonstrated loyalty and respect for Saul, who had previously rescued their city.

2. Saul and His Sons
King Saul and his sons, including Jonathan, died in battle against the Philistines. Their bodies were desecrated by the enemy, prompting the men of Jabesh-gilead to act.

3. The Tamarisk Tree
A significant location in Jabesh where the bones of Saul and his sons were buried. The tamarisk tree symbolizes a place of remembrance and mourning.

4. Jabesh-gilead
A city in Israel that had a historical connection with Saul. It was the first city Saul saved as king, which likely motivated the men of Jabesh-gilead to honor him in death.

5. The Philistines
The enemies of Israel who defeated Saul and his sons, displaying their bodies as a sign of victory and humiliation over Israel.

Teaching Points

Loyalty and Honor
The men of Jabesh-gilead exemplify loyalty and honor, even in the face of danger. Christians are called to honor and respect others, even those who have fallen from grace.

The Importance of Mourning
Mourning is a biblical practice that allows for reflection and healing. It is important to take time to grieve and remember those who have passed.

Courage in Adversity
The actions of the men of Jabesh-gilead required courage. Believers are encouraged to act courageously in the face of adversity, standing up for what is right.

Legacy and Remembrance
The burial under the tamarisk tree serves as a reminder of Saul's legacy. Christians should consider the legacy they are leaving and how they will be remembered.

Bible Study Questions

1. What motivated the men of Jabesh-gilead to risk their lives to retrieve the bodies of Saul and his sons, and how can we apply their sense of loyalty in our own lives?

2. How does the act of fasting for seven days reflect the cultural and spiritual practices of mourning in ancient Israel, and what can we learn from this about dealing with grief today?

3. In what ways does the burial under the tamarisk tree symbolize respect and remembrance, and how can we create meaningful memorials for those we have lost?

4. How does the account of Saul's rescue of Jabesh-gilead in 1 Samuel 11 provide context for the actions of the men of Jabesh-gilead in 1 Samuel 31:13?

5. How can the courage displayed by the men of Jabesh-gilead inspire us to act with bravery and integrity in our own challenging situations?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 11
This chapter recounts Saul's rescue of Jabesh-gilead, establishing the bond between Saul and the people of Jabesh.

2 Samuel 2:4-7
David commends the men of Jabesh-gilead for their loyalty to Saul, showing the continuity of respect for Saul's legacy.

Genesis 50:10
The mourning period of seven days is reminiscent of the mourning for Jacob, indicating a deep cultural practice of honoring the dead.

1 Chronicles 10:12
This passage parallels 1 Samuel 31:13, reaffirming the actions of the men of Jabesh-gilead and their significance.