1 Samuel 14:10

But if they say, 'Come on up,' then we will go up, because this will be our sign that the LORD has delivered them into our hands."

Study Bible

But if they say
This phrase introduces a conditional statement, a common rhetorical device in Hebrew narrative that sets the stage for divine intervention. The Hebrew word for "if" (אִם, 'im) often indicates a test or a condition that requires faith. In this context, Jonathan is seeking a sign from God, demonstrating his reliance on divine guidance rather than human wisdom.

‘Come up to us,’
The phrase "Come up to us" is a direct challenge from the Philistines. In ancient warfare, the high ground was strategically advantageous, and the Philistines' invitation for Jonathan and his armor-bearer to ascend suggests overconfidence. This reflects a common biblical theme where God uses the arrogance of the enemy to bring about their downfall, as seen in accounts like David and Goliath.

then we will go up
Jonathan's response, "then we will go up," signifies his readiness to act upon God's sign. The Hebrew verb for "go up" (עָלָה, 'alah) is often used in the context of ascending to a place of worship or significance. Here, it symbolizes Jonathan's faith and willingness to engage in battle, trusting in God's promise of victory.

for this will be our sign
The concept of a "sign" (אוֹת, 'oth) in the Hebrew Bible often indicates a divine confirmation or assurance. Jonathan seeks a tangible indication of God's will, reminiscent of Gideon's fleece in Judges 6. This reflects a deep-seated belief in God's active involvement in the affairs of His people, providing guidance and assurance in times of uncertainty.

that the LORD has delivered them
The phrase "the LORD has delivered them" underscores the belief in God's sovereignty and providence. The Hebrew verb for "delivered" (נָתַן, nathan) implies a transfer of power or control. Jonathan acknowledges that victory is not by human strength but by God's hand, echoing the biblical theme that "the battle is the LORD's" (1 Samuel 17:47).

into our hands
The expression "into our hands" signifies possession and control. In the ancient Near Eastern context, hands symbolize power and action. By stating that the Philistines will be delivered "into our hands," Jonathan expresses confidence in God's promise to empower His people to overcome their enemies, reinforcing the biblical narrative of God's faithfulness to His covenant people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jonathan
The son of King Saul, known for his bravery and faith in God. In this passage, he is taking a bold step of faith by seeking a sign from God for victory over the Philistines.

2. Armor-bearer
Jonathan's loyal companion who supports him in his daring plan. His role is crucial as he demonstrates faith and trust in Jonathan's leadership and God's guidance.

3. Philistines
The enemies of Israel, representing the challenges and opposition faced by God's people. They are stationed at a garrison, which Jonathan and his armor-bearer plan to attack.

4. Gibeah
The location near where the Israelites are encamped. It serves as the backdrop for Jonathan's act of faith.

5. The LORD
Central to the account, God is the one whom Jonathan seeks guidance from, demonstrating reliance on divine intervention for victory.

Teaching Points

Faith in Action
Jonathan's willingness to act on his faith, even in the face of danger, teaches us the importance of trusting God and taking bold steps when He leads us.

Seeking God's Guidance
Like Jonathan, we should seek God's direction in our decisions, looking for His signs and confirmations in our lives.

Courage and Companionship
The support of Jonathan's armor-bearer reminds us of the value of having faithful companions who encourage us in our spiritual journey.

Divine Deliverance
The passage underscores the belief that victory comes from the Lord, encouraging us to rely on His power rather than our own strength.

Obedience to God's Signs
Jonathan's readiness to act based on God's sign challenges us to be obedient when God reveals His will to us.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jonathan's request for a sign from God reflect his faith and reliance on divine guidance?

2. In what ways can we seek and recognize God's signs in our own lives when making important decisions?

3. How does the relationship between Jonathan and his armor-bearer illustrate the importance of spiritual companionship and support?

4. What are some modern-day "Philistines" or challenges that require us to trust in God's deliverance?

5. How can we apply the principle of divine deliverance in our daily struggles, and what other biblical examples support this concept?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Judges 6:36-40
Gideon's request for a sign from God parallels Jonathan's request, highlighting the theme of seeking divine confirmation before taking action.

Hebrews 11:32-34
Jonathan's faith is akin to the faith of other biblical heroes who trusted God for victory against overwhelming odds.

Proverbs 3:5-6
The principle of trusting in the Lord with all one's heart and not leaning on one's own understanding is exemplified in Jonathan's actions.