The turban and the plate of gold are significant elements of the high priest's attire as described in the Old Testament, specifically in the context of the priestly garments worn by Aaron and his descendants. These items are rich in symbolic meaning and play a crucial role in the liturgical and ceremonial life of ancient Israel.

Biblical Description

The instructions for the high priest's garments, including the turban and the plate of gold, are detailed in the Book of Exodus. The turban, known in Hebrew as "mitznefet," is part of the sacred vestments that God commanded Moses to make for Aaron, the first high priest, to serve in the Tabernacle.

Exodus 28:36-38 provides specific instructions regarding the plate of gold: "You are to make a plate of pure gold and engrave on it as on a seal: HOLY TO THE LORD. Fasten to it a blue cord to attach it to the turban; it shall be on the front of the turban. And it will be on Aaron’s forehead, so that Aaron may bear the guilt of the holy things that the Israelites consecrate as all their holy gifts. It will always be on his forehead, so that they may be accepted before the LORD."

Symbolism and Function

The turban and the plate of gold serve both a symbolic and a functional purpose in the priestly ministry. The turban represents the high priest's role as a mediator between God and the people, signifying purity and holiness. The plate of gold, engraved with the words "HOLY TO THE LORD," underscores the consecration of the high priest to God’s service. It serves as a constant reminder of the sanctity required in approaching God and performing sacred duties.

The placement of the plate on the forehead signifies the bearing of the people's iniquities, as the high priest acts on behalf of the Israelites to atone for their sins. This act of bearing guilt is a precursor to the ultimate atonement fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus Christ, who is seen as the ultimate High Priest.

Theological Implications

The turban and the plate of gold highlight the holiness required in the presence of God. They emphasize the need for a mediator who is set apart for divine service, pointing to the broader biblical theme of holiness and consecration. The high priest's attire, including these elements, foreshadows the perfect mediation of Christ, who fulfills the law and the prophets.

In the broader context of Scripture, the high priest's garments, including the turban and the plate of gold, serve as a typology of Christ's priestly ministry. Hebrews 4:14-15 reflects on this: "Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to what we profess. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who was tempted in every way that we are, yet was without sin."

Historical and Cultural Context

In the ancient Near Eastern context, headgear often signified authority and status. The high priest's turban, adorned with the plate of gold, would have been a visible sign of his unique role and the divine authority vested in him. The use of gold, a precious metal, further emphasizes the value and sacredness of the priestly office.

The detailed instructions for the high priest's garments, including the turban and the plate of gold, reflect the meticulous care with which God instructed His people to approach Him. This attention to detail underscores the reverence and awe due to God in worship and service.

Conclusion

The turban and the plate of gold are integral to understanding the high priest's role in the Old Testament. They symbolize the holiness, consecration, and mediatory function required of those who serve in God's presence. These elements of the high priest's attire point forward to the ultimate fulfillment of the priestly office in Jesus Christ, who perfectly mediates between God and humanity.