The term "Sanctuary of God" refers to the sacred space designated for the worship and dwelling of God among His people. Throughout the Bible, the concept of the sanctuary evolves from a physical location to a more spiritual understanding, yet consistently represents God's presence and holiness.

Old Testament Context

In the Old Testament, the sanctuary initially refers to the Tabernacle, a portable tent of meeting that God instructed Moses to build. This structure served as the dwelling place of God among the Israelites during their wilderness journey. Exodus 25:8-9 states, "And they are to make a sanctuary for Me, so that I may dwell among them. You must make it according to all that I show you—the design of the tabernacle as well as the design of all its furnishings."

The Tabernacle was meticulously designed with specific materials and dimensions, symbolizing the order and holiness of God. It contained the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place, where the Ark of the Covenant was kept. The Most Holy Place, or Holy of Holies, was where God's presence was most intensely manifested, and only the high priest could enter once a year on the Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16).

Later, the sanctuary took the form of the Temple in Jerusalem, first built by King Solomon. This permanent structure continued the function of the Tabernacle as the central place of worship and sacrifice. 1 Kings 8:10-11 describes the dedication of Solomon's Temple: "And when the priests came out of the Holy Place, the cloud filled the house of the LORD so that the priests could not stand there to minister because of the cloud; for the glory of the LORD filled the house of the LORD."

New Testament Context

In the New Testament, the concept of the sanctuary shifts with the coming of Jesus Christ. The physical temple is no longer the sole focus; rather, Jesus Himself is seen as the true temple. John 2:19-21 records Jesus saying, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up." He was speaking of the temple of His body, indicating that He is the ultimate dwelling place of God's presence.

Furthermore, the New Testament expands the idea of the sanctuary to include the body of believers. 1 Corinthians 3:16 states, "Do you not know that you yourselves are God’s temple, and that God’s Spirit dwells in you?" This reflects the indwelling of the Holy Spirit in the lives of Christians, making them a living sanctuary of God.

Eschatological Perspective

The Book of Revelation provides an eschatological vision of the sanctuary. Revelation 21:22 declares, "But I saw no temple in the city, because the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are its temple." In the New Jerusalem, the ultimate fulfillment of God's sanctuary is realized, where God's presence is fully and eternally with His people.

Theological Significance

The sanctuary of God is a profound theological concept that underscores God's desire to dwell among His people. It highlights His holiness, the need for atonement, and the intimate relationship He seeks with humanity. The transition from a physical structure to a spiritual reality in Christ and His Church reflects the unfolding of God's redemptive plan throughout Scripture.