The concept of excess, particularly in the context of material wealth, indulgence, and behavior, is addressed throughout the Bible. Scripture consistently warns against the dangers of excess, urging believers to practice moderation, self-control, and contentment.

Wealth and Materialism

The Bible frequently cautions against the accumulation of wealth and the dangers it poses to one's spiritual well-being. In 1 Timothy 6:9-10 , Paul warns, "Those who want to be rich, however, fall into temptation and become ensnared by many foolish and harmful desires that plunge them into ruin and destruction. For the love of money is the root of all kinds of evil. By craving it, some have wandered away from the faith and pierced themselves with many sorrows." This passage highlights the peril of excessive desire for wealth, which can lead to spiritual downfall and a departure from faith.

Jesus also addresses the issue of material excess in the Parable of the Rich Fool (Luke 12:16-21). The rich man, who stores up wealth for himself without regard for God, is called a fool because his life is demanded of him that very night. Jesus concludes with the admonition, "This is how it will be for anyone who stores up treasure for himself but is not rich toward God" (Luke 12:21). The parable underscores the futility of hoarding earthly riches at the expense of spiritual wealth.

Gluttony and Indulgence

Excess in consumption, particularly in the form of gluttony, is another area where the Bible provides guidance. Proverbs 23:20-21 advises, "Do not join those who drink too much wine or gorge themselves on meat. For the drunkard and the glutton will come to poverty, and drowsiness will clothe them in rags." This proverb warns of the physical and financial consequences of overindulgence, linking it to poverty and ruin.

The New Testament also addresses the issue of self-control, a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23). Believers are encouraged to exercise restraint in all areas of life, avoiding the pitfalls of excess that can lead to spiritual and moral decay.

Pride and Self-Exaltation

Excess is not limited to material possessions or consumption; it can also manifest in attitudes such as pride and self-exaltation. Proverbs 16:18 states, "Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall." This warning against excessive pride is echoed in the New Testament, where James 4:6 reminds believers, "God opposes the proud, but gives grace to the humble."

The account of King Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 4 serves as a powerful illustration of the dangers of excessive pride. Nebuchadnezzar's boastful declaration of his own greatness leads to his temporary downfall and madness, demonstrating the consequences of elevating oneself above God.

Contentment and Moderation

In contrast to excess, the Bible advocates for contentment and moderation. Philippians 4:11-12 records Paul's testimony: "I have learned to be content regardless of my circumstances. I know how to live humbly, and I know how to abound. I am accustomed to any and every situation—to being filled and being hungry, to having plenty and having need." Paul's words encourage believers to find satisfaction in all circumstances, trusting in God's provision rather than seeking fulfillment in excess.

Hebrews 13:5 further advises, "Keep your lives free from the love of money and be content with what you have, for God has said: 'Never will I leave you, never will I forsake you.'" This verse reassures believers of God's constant presence and care, urging them to rely on Him rather than pursuing excessive wealth or possessions.

In summary, the Bible provides clear warnings about the dangers of excess in various forms, urging believers to practice moderation, self-control, and contentment as they seek to live lives that honor God.