Solomon's commissioning marks a pivotal moment in the history of Israel, as it signifies the transition of leadership from King David to his son Solomon. This event is characterized by divine endorsement, royal authority, and the establishment of Solomon's role as the builder of the Temple in Jerusalem. The commissioning is detailed in several passages of the Old Testament, primarily in 1 Kings 1-2 and 1 Chronicles 28-29.

Background and Context

Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, was chosen by God to succeed David as king of Israel. Despite being the younger son, Solomon was favored by both David and the Lord. The political climate at the time was tense, with Adonijah, another of David's sons, attempting to usurp the throne (1 Kings 1:5-10). However, through the intervention of the prophet Nathan and Bathsheba, David reaffirmed Solomon's right to the throne (1 Kings 1:11-40).

David's Charge to Solomon

Before his death, David gave Solomon a solemn charge, emphasizing the importance of obedience to God's commandments. In 1 Kings 2:2-4 , David instructs Solomon: "I am about to go the way of all the earth. So be strong and prove yourself a man. And keep the charge of the LORD your God, walking in His ways and keeping His statutes, commandments, ordinances, and decrees, as it is written in the Law of Moses, so that you may prosper in all you do and wherever you turn."

David's charge underscores the covenantal relationship between God and the king, highlighting the necessity of faithfulness to ensure divine favor and the stability of the kingdom.

Solomon's Anointing and Coronation

Solomon's anointing as king is a significant aspect of his commissioning. In 1 Kings 1:39 , it is recorded: "Zadok the priest took the horn of oil from the tabernacle and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the trumpet, and all the people shouted, 'Long live King Solomon!'" This anointing signifies God's choice and blessing upon Solomon, setting him apart for the sacred duty of kingship.

Solomon's Wisdom and Understanding

One of the most notable aspects of Solomon's commissioning is his request for wisdom. In a dream at Gibeon, God appeared to Solomon and offered to grant him whatever he desired. Solomon's response, as recorded in 1 Kings 3:9 , was: "Give Your servant, therefore, an understanding heart to judge Your people and to discern between good and evil. For who is able to govern this great people of Yours?" Pleased with Solomon's request, God granted him unparalleled wisdom, as well as riches and honor (1 Kings 3:10-14).

The Building of the Temple

A central component of Solomon's commissioning was the task of building the Temple in Jerusalem, a project that David had prepared for but was not permitted to complete. In 1 Chronicles 28:6 , God declares to David, "Solomon your son is the one who will build My house and My courts, for I have chosen him to be My son, and I will be his Father." This divine mandate underscores the spiritual significance of the Temple as the dwelling place of God's presence among His people.

David's Public Charge and Prayer

In 1 Chronicles 28-29, David publicly charges Solomon with the task of building the Temple and prays for him before the assembly of Israel. David emphasizes the importance of wholehearted devotion to God, saying in 1 Chronicles 28:9 , "As for you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father, and serve Him with all your heart and with a willing mind, for the LORD searches every heart and understands the intent of every thought."

David's prayer for Solomon and the people of Israel, found in 1 Chronicles 29:18-19 , reflects his desire for continued faithfulness: "O LORD, the God of our fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, keep this desire forever in the thoughts of the hearts of Your people, and establish their hearts toward You. And give my son Solomon a whole heart to keep and carry out all Your commandments, decrees, and statutes, and to build the temple for which I have made provision."

Significance

Solomon's commissioning is a foundational event that sets the stage for his reign, characterized by wisdom, prosperity, and the construction of the Temple. It highlights the themes of divine election, covenantal faithfulness, and the centrality of worship in the life of Israel. Solomon's reign, though marked by eventual decline, begins with a strong emphasis on obedience to God and the fulfillment of His purposes for the nation.