Pinon is a figure mentioned in the genealogical records of the Old Testament, specifically within the context of the Edomite leadership. The Edomites were descendants of Esau, the brother of Jacob, and thus related to the Israelites. Pinon is listed among the chiefs of Edom, a region located to the southeast of Israel, known for its rugged terrain and significant historical interactions with the Israelites.

Biblical References:

Pinon is mentioned in the Book of Genesis and the First Book of Chronicles. In Genesis 36:40-43 , the text provides a list of the chiefs of Edom, stating: "These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chief Timna, Chief Alvah, Chief Jetheth, Chief Oholibamah, Chief Elah, Chief Pinon, Chief Kenaz, Chief Teman, Chief Mibzar, Chief Magdiel, and Chief Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land they possessed. (This is Esau, the father of the Edomites.)"

Similarly, 1 Chronicles 1:51-54 reiterates this list, confirming Pinon's role as a chief: "When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah reigned in his place. When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the Euphrates reigned in his place. When Shaul died, Baal-hanan son of Achbor reigned in his place. When Baal-hanan died, Hadad reigned in his place. His city was named Pai, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab. Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were: Chief Timna, Chief Alvah, Chief Jetheth, Chief Oholibamah, Chief Elah, Chief Pinon, Chief Kenaz, Chief Teman, Chief Mibzar, Chief Magdiel, and Chief Iram."

Historical and Cultural Context:

The Edomites, as descendants of Esau, held a complex relationship with the Israelites. The two nations often found themselves in conflict, yet they shared a common ancestry. The role of a chief in Edom was significant, as these leaders were responsible for governing their respective regions and maintaining the social and political order. The mention of Pinon among the chiefs suggests he was a person of influence and authority within the Edomite society.

The genealogical records in Genesis and Chronicles serve not only as historical accounts but also as theological affirmations of God's sovereignty over the nations. The inclusion of Edomite leaders like Pinon in the biblical narrative underscores the interconnectedness of the peoples in the ancient Near East and the unfolding of God's plan through various lineages.

Theological Significance:

From a theological perspective, the mention of Edomite chiefs, including Pinon, highlights the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham regarding the nations that would come from his descendants. Despite the enmity that often existed between Edom and Israel, the biblical text acknowledges the Edomites' place in the broader narrative of God's dealings with humanity.

The genealogies and lists of leaders, such as those including Pinon, remind readers of the intricate tapestry of human history woven by divine providence. They serve as a testament to the enduring legacy of God's covenant with Abraham and the unfolding of His purposes through diverse peoples and leaders.Genesis 36:41
Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon,
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1 Chronicles 1:52
Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon,
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