Ishmael: A Priest of the Exile
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Ishmael, a figure mentioned in the context of the Babylonian exile, is a lesser-known yet significant character in the narrative of the Jewish people during a tumultuous period. His account is primarily found in the Book of Jeremiah, where he is depicted as a member of the royal family and a priestly figure during the time of the Babylonian exile.

Background and Lineage

Ishmael was the son of Nethaniah and a descendant of Elishama, a member of the royal family of Judah (Jeremiah 41:1). His lineage places him within the Davidic line, which held both political and religious significance for the Jewish people. As a member of this lineage, Ishmael would have been familiar with the religious traditions and expectations of leadership within the community.

Role During the Exile

The Babylonian exile was a period of great upheaval for the Jewish people, marked by the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple in 586 BC. During this time, the Babylonians appointed Gedaliah as governor over the remnant of Judah. Ishmael's role becomes prominent in this context, as he is involved in a significant event that reflects the political and religious tensions of the time.

The Assassination of Gedaliah

Ishmael's most notable action was his involvement in the assassination of Gedaliah, the Babylonian-appointed governor. According to Jeremiah 41:2-3 , "Ishmael son of Nethaniah and the ten men who were with him rose up and struck down Gedaliah son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, with the sword, killing the one whom the king of Babylon had appointed over the land. Ishmael also struck down all the Jews who were with Gedaliah at Mizpah, as well as the Chaldean soldiers who were there."

This act of violence was motivated by a complex interplay of political ambition, nationalistic fervor, and possibly religious zeal. Ishmael's actions were seen as a rebellion against Babylonian authority and an attempt to restore some semblance of autonomy to the Jewish people. However, it also led to further chaos and instability, as many feared retribution from Babylon.

Religious Implications

As a priestly figure, Ishmael's actions can be interpreted through the lens of religious duty and the struggle to maintain Jewish identity and faith during exile. The priesthood in ancient Israel was not only responsible for religious rituals but also for upholding the covenantal relationship between God and His people. Ishmael's drastic measures may have been seen as an attempt to protect this relationship, albeit through violent means.

Legacy and Impact

Ishmael's legacy is a complex one, marked by both his royal lineage and his controversial actions. His account highlights the challenges faced by the Jewish people during the exile, as they grappled with questions of leadership, identity, and faithfulness to God. While his actions were condemned by many, they also underscore the deep-seated desire for freedom and self-determination that characterized the Jewish experience during this period.

In the broader biblical narrative, Ishmael serves as a reminder of the human struggle to balance political power with religious conviction, a theme that resonates throughout the history of Israel and the teachings of the Bible.
Nave's Topical Index
Ezra 10:22
And of the sons of Pashur; Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethaneel, Jozabad, and Elasah.
Nave's Topical Index

Library

Concerning Mania, the Phylarch of the Saracens. When the Treaty ...
... and deacons, who are suffering grievously in exile, and the ... passed his life among
them as a priest, although he ... origin and had its name from Ishmael, the son ...
/.../chapter xxxviii concerning mania the phylarch.htm

The Israelites
... the descendants of an individual Israel and Ishmael as the ... the son of the murdered
high-priest, alone escaped ... had been created which through exile and disaster ...
/.../sayce/early israel and the surrounding nations/chapter i the israelites.htm

A Little Sanctuary
... was hated by Cain, Isaac was mocked by Ishmael, Joseph was ... heaven the sweeter we
may find our exile made bitter. ... Once in the year the high-priest went in, and ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 34 1888/a little sanctuary.htm

What Messiah did the Jews Expect?
... Lord' the threefold office of Prophet, Priest, and King ... view to regard the Babylonish
exile as only ... monarchies - Babylon, Medo-Persia, Greece, Rome and Ishmael. ...
/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter v what messiah did.htm

Galatians Chapter iv.
... the Words of God spoken by the Priest, [116] (the ... Isaac, who was free, was persecuted
by Ishmael the bondman. ... becomes, together with his mother, an exile and a ...
/.../galatians chapter iv.htm

General Index to Sozomen's Ecclesiastical History.
... Arsacius, pagan priest of Galatia, [2648]338 ... Eusebius, bishop of Vercella,
[3217]305; returns from exile to council of ... Ishmael, father of the Saracens, [3451] ...
/.../general index to sozomens ecclesiastical.htm

Letter Lx. To Heliodorus.
... men Abraham and Isaac had for sons the sinners Ishmael and Esau. ... You lost a nephew,
the church a priest. ... say, a mere boy"when, after flight and exile and the ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/letter lx to heliodorus.htm

On the Great Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria.
... For she, like Ishmael, [3277] fainting from her thirst ... the praises of the great
High-priest, who hath ... was in retirement, and arranged his exile most excellently ...
/.../cyril/lectures of s cyril of jerusalem/oration xxi on the great.htm

Faustus Denies that the Prophets Predicted Christ. Augustin Proves ...
... a figure of Jesus Christ, the true High Priest of our ... the world, will pass from the
pains of exile to the ... our examples." [463] For if two men, Ishmael and Isaac ...
/.../faustus denies that the prophets.htm

The Influence of the King James Version on English Literature
... and the Book." Mrs. Browning's "'Drama of Exile" is the ... not in it a church, and a
priest or a ... footsteps, As out of Abraham's tent young Ishmael Wandered with ...
/.../mcafee/study of the king james bible/lecture iv the influence of.htm

Resources
How many sons did Abraham have? | GotQuestions.org

Who was Hagar in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

Who were the Ishmaelites? | GotQuestions.org

Ishmael: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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Ishmael son of Nethaniah
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