Hen: Figurative
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In the Bible, the hen is used figuratively to convey themes of protection, care, and nurturing. This imagery is most prominently found in the New Testament, where Jesus employs the metaphor of a hen to express His deep, compassionate desire to gather and protect His people.

Biblical References:

1. Matthew 23:37 : "O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!" In this passage, Jesus laments over Jerusalem, expressing His sorrow over the city's rejection of His message and His messengers. The hen metaphor highlights His longing to provide shelter and safety, akin to a hen gathering her chicks under her wings. This imagery underscores the protective and nurturing nature of Christ's love, as well as the tragedy of Jerusalem's unwillingness to accept it.

2. Luke 13:34 : "O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!" This parallel passage in Luke reiterates the same poignant message found in Matthew. The repetition of this metaphor in two Gospels emphasizes its significance in conveying Jesus' heartfelt desire to care for His people, despite their persistent resistance.

Theological Implications:

The hen metaphor in these passages is rich with theological meaning. It reflects the maternal aspect of God's care, illustrating His desire to protect and nurture His people. This imagery is consistent with other biblical depictions of God's protective nature, such as in Psalm 91:4 : "He will cover you with His feathers; under His wings you will find refuge; His faithfulness is a shield and rampart." The hen metaphor thus serves as a powerful reminder of God's unwavering love and the safety found in His presence.

Furthermore, the use of this metaphor by Jesus highlights the personal and relational aspect of His ministry. It underscores His deep emotional connection to humanity and His willingness to embrace and shelter those who come to Him. The hen's instinct to gather her chicks is a vivid illustration of Christ's mission to seek and save the lost, offering them refuge and security.

Cultural Context:

In the agrarian society of ancient Israel, the image of a hen gathering her chicks would have been a familiar and relatable one. Hens were common in rural settings, and their behavior was well-known to the people. This familiarity would have made Jesus' metaphor particularly poignant and accessible to His audience, effectively communicating His message of love and protection.

Application:

For believers, the hen metaphor serves as a call to recognize and respond to the protective love of Christ. It invites individuals to seek refuge under His wings, trusting in His care and provision. Additionally, it challenges the faithful to reflect Christ's nurturing love in their own relationships, embodying His compassion and care for others.
Nave's Topical Index
Matthew 23:37
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you that kill the prophets, and stone them which are sent to you, how often would I have gathered your children together, even as a hen gathers her chickens under her wings, and you would not!
Nave's Topical Index

Luke 13:34
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which kill the prophets, and stone them that are sent to you; how often would I have gathered your children together, as a hen does gather her brood under her wings, and you would not!
Nave's Topical Index

Strong's Hebrew
2581. Chen -- "favor," a contemporary of Zerubbabel
... Hen. The same as chen; grace; Chen, a figurative name for an Israelite -- Hen.
see HEBREW chen. 2580, 2581. Chen. 2582 . Strong's Numbers.
/hebrew/2581.htm - 6k
Library

Letter Xlvi. Paula and Eustochium to Marcella.
... would I have gathered thy children together even as a hen gathereth her ... be punished;
if the temple was overthrown, it was that its figurative sacrifices might ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/letter xlvi paula and eustochium.htm

Jesus' Last Public Discourse. Denunciation of Scribes and ...
... [Here again the literal peeps through the figurative: a pure ... how often would I have
gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under ...
/.../mcgarvey/the four-fold gospel/cx jesus last public discourse.htm

Hid in Light
... softened into the likeness of the maternal instinct which leads a hen to gather ... The
'face' of God is so strongly figurative an expression that its metaphorical ...
/.../maclaren/expositions of holy scripture j/hid in light.htm

All who Walk According to Truth are Children of God.
... that He calls us chickens the Scripture testifies: "As a hen gathereth her ... will gather
the lambs with His arm," [1066] "using the figurative appellation of ...
/.../clement/the instructor paedagogus/chapter v all who walk according.htm

Of the Pharisees who Sit in the Seat of Moses, and Enjoin Things ...
... thee; how often would I have gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather ...
be taken to have been uttered by Him in a mystical and figurative sense: for ...
/.../augustine/the harmony of the gospels/chapter lxxv of the pharisees who.htm

Excursus B. On 22 (Note 3).
... ho on ton me onta ek tou ontos e ton onta; and hen to ageneton ... Bull considers
declaratory of a going forth, proeleusis, or figurative birth from the Father, at ...
/.../athanasius/select works and letters or athanasius/excursus b on 22 note.htm

On the Morrow of the Transfiguration
... dead, and to waken the other sleepers - or was it only a figurative expression for ...
had received the Christ, He would have gathered them as a hen her chickens ...
/.../edersheim/the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter ii on the morrow.htm

Difficulties and Objections
... light on numerous other passages which, if we ignore their figurative character
and ... would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her ...
/.../pink/the sovereignty of god/chapter eleven difficulties and objections.htm

Ephesians iv. 7-Apr
... The hen pneuma is the Holy Spirit, the spirit of the corpus mysticum; comp. ... here,
but of a ship abandoned to the breakers, on which figurative expression of ...
/.../homily xi ephesians iv 7-apr.htm

Seances Historiques De Geneve --The National Church.
... Christians of the same thing, and solemn inferences from the figurative expressions
of ... would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her ...
/.../seances historiques de genevethe national.htm

Resources
Does God love me? | GotQuestions.org

Is the Holy Spirit a "He," "She," or “It,” male, female, or neuter? | GotQuestions.org

What is the biblical solution to the problem of evil? | GotQuestions.org

Hen: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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