Moses, the great prophet and leader of Israel, delivered his final words to the Levites as part of his farewell address before his death. These words are recorded in the Book of Deuteronomy, which serves as a reiteration and reinforcement of the Law given to the Israelites. The Levites, being the priestly tribe, held a unique and significant role in the spiritual and communal life of Israel. Moses' instructions to them underscore their responsibilities and privileges as custodians of the Law and servants of the LORD.

Context and Background

The Levites were set apart for the service of the Tabernacle and later the Temple. They were responsible for the sacred duties, including the care of the Ark of the Covenant, the offering of sacrifices, and the teaching of the Law. Unlike the other tribes, the Levites did not receive a territorial inheritance in the Promised Land; instead, the LORD Himself was their inheritance (Deuteronomy 10:9).

Moses' Charge to the Levites

In Deuteronomy 31, Moses gives specific instructions to the Levites concerning the Law. He commands them to take the Book of the Law and place it beside the Ark of the Covenant of the LORD, where it would serve as a witness against the people (Deuteronomy 31:26). This act symbolizes the centrality of God's Law in the life of Israel and the Levites' role in preserving and upholding it.

Moses also instructs the Levites to read the Law before all Israel at the end of every seven years, during the Feast of Tabernacles, when all Israel comes to appear before the LORD (Deuteronomy 31:10-11). This public reading was intended to ensure that every generation would hear and learn to fear the LORD, keeping His commandments and statutes.

The Song of Moses

In Deuteronomy 32, Moses delivers a prophetic song to the Israelites, which he instructs the Levites to teach to the people. This song serves as a witness for God against the Israelites, reminding them of God's faithfulness and their own tendency toward rebellion. The Levites, as teachers of the Law, were to ensure that this song was remembered and understood by the people.

The Blessing of Moses

Before his death, Moses blesses the tribes of Israel, including the tribe of Levi. In Deuteronomy 33:8-11, Moses acknowledges the unique role of the Levites, highlighting their faithfulness in testing and their dedication to the LORD's service. He prays for the prosperity of their ministry and the acceptance of their offerings, recognizing their role as mediators between God and Israel.

Significance

Moses' final words to the Levites emphasize the importance of their role in maintaining the spiritual integrity of the nation. As guardians of the Law and leaders in worship, the Levites were instrumental in guiding Israel in their covenant relationship with God. Moses' instructions and blessings reflect the enduring responsibility of the Levites to uphold the holiness and righteousness of the LORD among His people.