Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was a prominent military commander in the service of King David, renowned for his strategic acumen and decisive leadership in battle. His strategies are documented in several key biblical narratives, showcasing his ability to adapt to various military challenges and his unwavering loyalty to David.

1. The Siege of Rabbah:

One of Joab's notable military campaigns was the siege of Rabbah, the Ammonite capital. After a prolonged siege, Joab captured the city's water supply, a strategic move that forced the Ammonites into submission. He then sent word to David, urging him to come and claim the victory, thus ensuring that the glory of the conquest would belong to the king. This act demonstrated Joab's understanding of both military tactics and political loyalty. As recorded in 2 Samuel 12:27-28 , Joab said, "I have fought against Rabbah and captured the water supply of the city. Now, therefore, assemble the rest of the troops, besiege the city, and capture it, lest I take the city and it be named after me."

2. The Battle Against Abner:

Joab's encounter with Abner, the commander of Saul's army, highlights his tactical prowess and personal vendettas. After a skirmish at the pool of Gibeon, Joab pursued Abner, who had killed his brother Asahel. Despite a temporary truce, Joab later avenged Asahel's death by killing Abner under the guise of a peaceful meeting (2 Samuel 3:27). This act, while controversial, underscores Joab's commitment to family honor and his strategic elimination of a potential threat to David's reign.

3. The Battle Against Absalom:

During Absalom's rebellion, Joab played a crucial role in quelling the insurrection. Despite David's explicit command to "deal gently" with Absalom (2 Samuel 18:5), Joab recognized the necessity of decisively ending the rebellion. When Absalom was found hanging from an oak tree, Joab took the initiative to kill him, thereby securing the stability of David's kingdom (2 Samuel 18:14-15). Joab's actions, though harsh, were driven by a strategic vision to preserve the unity and continuity of David's rule.

4. The Battle Against Sheba:

Joab's handling of Sheba's revolt further illustrates his strategic mindset. Sheba, a Benjamite, sought to divide Israel by leading a rebellion against David. Joab pursued Sheba to the city of Abel Beth Maacah. Instead of a prolonged siege, Joab negotiated with a wise woman of the city, who agreed to deliver Sheba's head, thus swiftly ending the rebellion without unnecessary bloodshed (2 Samuel 20:16-22). This incident highlights Joab's preference for strategic diplomacy when it served his objectives.

5. The Census Incident:

Although not a battle in the traditional sense, Joab's resistance to David's census (2 Samuel 24:3) reflects his strategic foresight. Joab understood the potential divine displeasure that could arise from such an act, which was seen as a lack of trust in God's provision and protection. His reluctance to carry out the census demonstrates his awareness of the spiritual dimensions of leadership and warfare.

Joab's military strategies were marked by a combination of tactical brilliance, political astuteness, and personal vendettas. His actions, while sometimes ruthless, were often driven by a deep commitment to the stability and success of David's kingdom. Through his leadership, Joab left an indelible mark on the history of Israel's military conquests.