The "Instructions to Solomon" refer to the guidance and commands given to Solomon, the son of King David, as he prepared to assume the throne of Israel. These instructions are primarily found in the Old Testament books of 1 Kings and 1 Chronicles, where David, nearing the end of his reign, imparts wisdom and directives to ensure the continuity of his dynasty and the prosperity of Israel under Solomon's rule.

Context and Background

Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, was chosen by God to succeed David as king of Israel. This divine selection is affirmed in 1 Chronicles 28:5-6, where David recounts, "Of all my sons—for the LORD has given me many sons—He has chosen my son Solomon to sit on the throne of the kingdom of the LORD over Israel. And He said to me, 'Solomon your son is the one who will build My house and My courts, for I have chosen him to be My son, and I will be his Father.'"

David's Charge to Solomon

David's instructions to Solomon are both spiritual and practical, emphasizing obedience to God's commandments and the responsibilities of kingship. In 1 Kings 2:1-4, David charges Solomon: "As the time drew near for David to die, he charged his son Solomon, saying, 'I am about to go the way of all the earth. So be strong and prove yourself a man. And keep the charge of the LORD your God, walking in His ways and keeping His statutes, commandments, ordinances, and decrees as it is written in the Law of Moses, so that you may prosper in all you do and wherever you turn, and that the LORD may fulfill His promise to me: If your descendants take heed to walk faithfully before Me with all their heart and soul, you will never fail to have a man on the throne of Israel.'"

Building the Temple

A significant aspect of David's instructions involves the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem, a task divinely appointed to Solomon. In 1 Chronicles 28:9-10, David exhorts Solomon: "As for you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father, and serve Him with all your heart and with a willing mind, for the LORD searches every heart and understands the intent of every thought. If you seek Him, He will be found by you; but if you forsake Him, He will reject you forever. Consider now that the LORD has chosen you to build a house for the sanctuary. Be strong and do it."

Adherence to God's Law

David emphasizes the importance of adherence to God's law as the foundation for a successful reign. This adherence is not merely for personal benefit but is crucial for the welfare of the entire nation. The instructions underscore the covenantal relationship between God and the king, highlighting the conditional nature of God's promises based on obedience.

Political and Administrative Guidance

In addition to spiritual directives, David provides Solomon with political and administrative guidance. He advises Solomon on dealing with key figures in the kingdom, such as Joab, Shimei, and Barzillai, ensuring that justice and loyalty are maintained within the realm (1 Kings 2:5-9).

Legacy and Fulfillment

Solomon's reign is marked by the fulfillment of many of David's instructions, particularly the building of the Temple, which becomes a central place of worship for Israel. Solomon's wisdom and wealth are renowned, yet his later years reveal the challenges of maintaining fidelity to God's commands, as warned by David.

The "Instructions to Solomon" serve as a foundational moment in Israel's history, encapsulating the transition of leadership and the enduring importance of covenantal faithfulness.