The term "Great Millstone" is a significant biblical metaphor found in the New Testament, particularly in the teachings of Jesus Christ. It is used to convey the severity of leading others, especially the innocent or vulnerable, into sin. The imagery of a millstone is drawn from the ancient practice of grinding grain, where millstones were large, heavy stones used to crush and grind.

Biblical References:

1. Matthew 18:6 : "But if anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it would be better for him to have a large millstone hung around his neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea." In this passage, Jesus emphasizes the grave responsibility of guiding and nurturing the faith of believers, particularly those who are young or new in their faith. The "large millstone" symbolizes the weight of judgment that will befall those who lead others astray.

2. Mark 9:42 : "Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it would be better for him if a large millstone were hung around his neck and he were thrown into the sea." This parallel passage in Mark reiterates the warning against causing spiritual harm to believers. The repetition across the synoptic Gospels underscores the importance of this teaching in the ministry of Jesus.

3. Luke 17:2 : "It would be better for him to have a millstone hung around his neck and to be thrown into the sea than to cause one of these little ones to stumble." Luke's account further affirms the severe consequences of leading others into sin, highlighting the protective concern Jesus has for His followers.

Symbolism and Interpretation:

The "Great Millstone" serves as a powerful symbol of judgment and accountability. In the ancient world, millstones were essential tools for daily life, yet their size and weight made them formidable objects. By using this imagery, Jesus communicates the seriousness of causing spiritual harm. The metaphor suggests that the consequences of such actions are dire and inescapable, akin to being cast into the sea with a heavy burden.

From a theological perspective, the "Great Millstone" underscores the Christian duty to uphold truth and righteousness, particularly in teaching and influencing others. It serves as a cautionary reminder of the moral and spiritual responsibility borne by those in positions of authority or influence within the Christian community.

Historical and Cultural Context:

In the first-century Jewish context, millstones were commonly used in households and community mills. They were typically made of basalt or other hard stones and required significant effort to operate. The imagery of a millstone being tied around one's neck and cast into the sea would have been a vivid and terrifying picture for Jesus' audience, illustrating the irreversible nature of divine judgment for those who lead others into sin.

Application for Believers:

The teaching of the "Great Millstone" calls believers to a high standard of conduct, particularly in their interactions with others. It encourages Christians to be mindful of their influence and to strive to build up rather than tear down the faith of others. This passage serves as a sobering reminder of the impact one's actions can have on the spiritual well-being of others and the importance of living a life that reflects the teachings of Christ.