Dictionary of Bible Themes Dictionary of Bible Themes » 7000 God's people » 7300 Institutions and culture of OT » 7412 priesthood » 7413 priesthood, in OT The institution of the priesthood or the particular body of people responsible for priestly duties. The priesthood as an institution It was a perpetual institution Exodus 40:15 See also Numbers 18:1; Numbers 25:13 It was distinct from the laity It was subject to the king's authority It was a privilege Numbers 18:7 See also Exodus 29:9; Numbers 16:10; Joshua 18:7 The priesthood as the body of people responsible for priestly duties The Aaronic priesthood Exodus 28:41 See also 1 Chronicles 6:49; Nehemiah 10:38 The Shiloh priesthood Joshua 18:1 See also 1 Samuel 3:14; 1 Kings 2:27; Psalm 78:60 The Shiloh priesthood ended when the Philistines took Shiloh (see 1Sa 4:17); Jeremiah 7:12 The Melchizedek priesthood Psalm 110:4 See also Genesis 14:18; Hebrews 5:10; Hebrews 7:11-17 The Anathoth priesthood Jeremiah 1:1 See also Joshua 21:18; 1 Kings 2:27 The Zadokite priesthood Ezekiel 40:46 The priestly line of Zadok lasted until 170 B.C. The Levitical priesthood Deuteronomy 17:9 The term “the priests, who are Levites” appears only in Deuteronomy. Some think it reflects a situation in which all Levites were priests. Not all passages support this view, however, and the phrase may simply distinguish the ministry of the Levitical priests from the priesthood of the king. See also
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