Background and Context:
The capture of Jerusalem by King David is a pivotal event in biblical history, marking the establishment of Jerusalem as the political and spiritual center of Israel. This event is recorded in 2 Samuel 5:6-10 and 1 Chronicles 11:4-9. Prior to David's conquest, Jerusalem was inhabited by the Jebusites, a Canaanite tribe that had maintained control of the city despite Israel's earlier conquests in the land.

Biblical Account:
According to the biblical narrative, after David was anointed king over all Israel, he sought to establish a capital that was centrally located and politically neutral. Jerusalem, situated on the border between the tribes of Benjamin and Judah, was an ideal choice. The city, however, was heavily fortified and the Jebusites were confident in their defenses. They taunted David, saying, "You will not get in here; even the blind and the lame can ward you off" (2 Samuel 5:6).

Undeterred, David and his men launched an attack on the city. David instructed his men to use the water shaft to infiltrate the city, a strategic move that led to their victory. The Berean Standard Bible records, "Nevertheless, David captured the fortress of Zion, that is, the City of David" (2 Samuel 5:7). This victory was not only a military success but also a fulfillment of God's promise to give Israel the land.

Significance of Jerusalem:
The capture of Jerusalem was significant for several reasons. Firstly, it established David's rule over a united Israel, as the city became the political and administrative center of his kingdom. Secondly, Jerusalem's selection as the capital city laid the groundwork for its future religious significance. David later brought the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem, further solidifying its status as the spiritual heart of Israel.

David's Reign in Jerusalem:
Following the capture, David made Jerusalem his home, and it became known as the City of David. The biblical text notes, "And David became greater and greater, for the LORD God of Hosts was with him" (2 Samuel 5:10). Under David's leadership, Jerusalem flourished, and his reign was marked by military victories, territorial expansion, and the establishment of a centralized government.

Theological Implications:
From a theological perspective, David's capture of Jerusalem is seen as a manifestation of God's covenantal promises to Israel. It underscores the theme of divine providence and the fulfillment of God's promises to His people. Jerusalem's establishment as the capital also foreshadows its future role in biblical prophecy and its enduring significance in Judeo-Christian thought.

Legacy:
David's conquest of Jerusalem set the stage for his son Solomon to build the First Temple, further enhancing the city's religious importance. Throughout the Bible, Jerusalem is frequently mentioned as the city chosen by God, a symbol of His presence and a focal point for worship and pilgrimage. David's capture of the city is thus a foundational moment in the history of Israel and the unfolding of God's redemptive plan.