The term "City of Judah" refers to various cities within the tribal territory of Judah, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. Judah's territory was located in the southern part of ancient Israel, encompassing a diverse landscape that included both urban centers and rural areas. The cities within this region played significant roles in biblical history, serving as centers of political, religious, and cultural life.

Jerusalem
Jerusalem is perhaps the most prominent city within the territory of Judah. It became the political and spiritual capital of Israel during the reign of King David, who captured it from the Jebusites (2 Samuel 5:6-9). David's son, Solomon, built the First Temple there, establishing Jerusalem as the central place of worship for the Israelites (1 Kings 6). The city is frequently mentioned throughout the Bible and holds a central place in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic traditions.

Bethlehem
Bethlehem, another significant city in Judah, is famously known as the birthplace of King David and, according to the New Testament, Jesus Christ (1 Samuel 16:1; Matthew 2:1). The prophet Micah foretold the Messiah's birth in Bethlehem, saying, "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come forth for Me one to be ruler over Israel" (Micah 5:2).

Hebron
Hebron is one of the oldest cities in the region and holds great historical and religious significance. It was the site where Abraham purchased the cave of Machpelah as a burial place for his wife Sarah, and later for himself and other patriarchs (Genesis 23:17-20). Hebron was also David's first capital before he moved his reign to Jerusalem (2 Samuel 2:1-4).

Lachish
Lachish was a fortified city and an important military stronghold in Judah. It is mentioned in the context of the Assyrian invasion under King Sennacherib, who laid siege to the city during the reign of King Hezekiah (2 Kings 18:13-14). The archaeological site of Lachish has provided significant insights into the history and culture of ancient Judah.

Beersheba
Beersheba, located at the southern edge of Judah's territory, served as a key administrative and military center. It is often mentioned in the Bible in the phrase "from Dan to Beersheba," indicating the extent of Israel's territory (Judges 20:1). The city is associated with the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who all had significant interactions there (Genesis 21:31-33; 26:23-33; 28:10).

Other Cities
Other notable cities in Judah include Adullam, known for its caves where David sought refuge (1 Samuel 22:1-2); Tekoa, the hometown of the prophet Amos (Amos 1:1); and En Gedi, an oasis where David hid from King Saul (1 Samuel 24:1-2).

The cities of Judah collectively represent a rich tapestry of biblical history, reflecting the spiritual, political, and cultural dynamics of ancient Israel. Each city holds its own unique place in the biblical narrative, contributing to the broader account of God's covenant with His people.