Azariah, also known as Uzziah, was the son of Amaziah, king of Judah, and his reign marks a significant period in the history of the southern kingdom. His ascension to the throne is recorded in the biblical narrative, primarily in the books of 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles.

Biblical Account:

The transition of power from Amaziah to Azariah is briefly mentioned in 2 Kings 14:21-22 : "Then all the people of Judah took Azariah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in place of his father Amaziah. Azariah was the one who rebuilt Elath and restored it to Judah after King Amaziah rested with his fathers."

Azariah's reign is further detailed in 2 Kings 15:1-7 and 2 Chronicles 26. He became king at the young age of sixteen and reigned for fifty-two years in Jerusalem, a notably long reign that brought stability and prosperity to Judah. His mother's name was Jecoliah of Jerusalem (2 Kings 15:2).

Reign and Achievements:

Azariah is credited with significant military and infrastructural achievements. He fortified Jerusalem, built towers in the desert, and dug many cisterns, reflecting his concern for the security and prosperity of his kingdom (2 Chronicles 26:9-10). He also expanded Judah's territory and influence, notably by rebuilding the port city of Elath, which was crucial for trade and military purposes.

Under his leadership, Judah experienced a period of economic growth and military strength. Azariah's reign is characterized by agricultural development and the strengthening of the army, including the introduction of advanced military equipment (2 Chronicles 26:11-15).

Religious Observance:

Azariah's reign is noted for his initial faithfulness to God. 2 Kings 15:3 states, "And he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father Amaziah had done." However, like many of his predecessors, Azariah's reign was marred by a significant failure. Despite his accomplishments, he did not remove the high places, and the people continued to offer sacrifices and burn incense there (2 Kings 15:4).

Judgment and Legacy:

Azariah's pride led to his downfall. As recorded in 2 Chronicles 26:16-21, his heart became proud, and he unlawfully entered the temple of the LORD to burn incense on the altar, a duty reserved for the priests. As a result, God struck him with leprosy, and he lived in a separate house until his death, while his son Jotham governed the people in his stead.

Despite his tragic end, Azariah's reign is remembered for its contributions to Judah's prosperity and strength. His account serves as a reminder of the importance of humility and obedience to God's commandments. His son Jotham succeeded him, continuing the Davidic line and the legacy of the kings of Judah.