Accad, also spelled Akkad, is a city and region mentioned in the Bible, specifically in the Book of Genesis. It is part of the ancient Mesopotamian civilization and is associated with the early development of urban culture in the region. The name Accad is derived from the Akkadian Empire, one of the first ancient empires in Mesopotamia, which played a significant role in the history of the ancient Near East.

Biblical Reference:

Accad is mentioned in Genesis 10:10, within the Table of Nations, which outlines the descendants of Noah's sons after the flood. The verse states: "The beginning of his kingdom was Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar" (Genesis 10:10). This passage refers to the kingdom of Nimrod, a mighty hunter and ruler, who is traditionally considered to be a significant figure in the post-flood world.

Historical and Geographical Context:

Accad was one of the principal cities in the land of Shinar, an area often identified with southern Mesopotamia, corresponding to modern-day Iraq. The city of Accad itself has not been definitively located by archaeologists, but it is believed to have been situated near the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The Akkadian Empire, named after the city, was established by Sargon of Akkad around the 24th century BC and is known for its advances in writing, architecture, and governance.

Cultural Significance:

The Akkadian Empire is notable for its contributions to the development of cuneiform writing, which became a standard script for the region and influenced subsequent cultures. The Akkadians also played a crucial role in the spread of Semitic languages and culture throughout Mesopotamia. The empire's influence extended over a vast area, including parts of modern-day Iran, Syria, and Turkey.

Theological Implications:

In the biblical narrative, Accad's mention alongside Babel and Erech highlights its importance in the early post-flood world. The reference to Nimrod's kingdom suggests a period of early human organization and the establishment of cities, which is significant in understanding the development of civilization from a biblical perspective. The mention of Accad in the context of Nimrod's kingdom also underscores themes of human ambition and the spread of cultures and languages, which are further explored in the account of the Tower of Babel.

Archaeological Insights:

While the exact location of Accad remains uncertain, archaeological discoveries in the region have provided valuable insights into the Akkadian Empire's history and culture. Excavations at sites such as Tell Brak and Tell Leilan have uncovered artifacts and structures that shed light on the empire's administrative and economic systems. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of the ancient Near East and its complex societies.

In summary, Accad is a significant biblical and historical entity, representing the early development of urban civilization in Mesopotamia and the cultural and political influence of the Akkadian Empire. Its mention in the Bible provides a glimpse into the ancient world's interconnectedness and the foundational role of cities in human history.Accad

a vessel; pitcher; spark

Accad

one of the cities in the land of Shinar. (Genesis 10:10) Its position is quite uncertain.

Accad

One of the four cities built in the plain of Shinar by Nimrod, founder of the Assyrian empire, Genesis 10:10. Its site is identified by some travellers with ruins, which lie from six to nine miles west of Bagdad. There is here a ruinous structure called Tell-i-nimrood, Hill of Nimrod, consisting of a mass of brickwork 400 feet in circumference at the base, and 125 feet high, standing on a mound of rubbish. Most recently, Col. Raw claims that the site of Accad was at a place now called Niffer, amid the marshes of Southern Babylonia.

The high land or mountains, a city in the land of Shinar. It has been identified with the mounds of Akker Kuf, some 50 miles to the north of Babylon; but this is doubtful. It was one of the cities of Nimrod's kingdom (Genesis 10:10). It stood close to the Euphrates, opposite Sippara. (see SEPHARVAIM.)

It is also the name of the country of which this city was the capital, namely, northern or upper Babylonia. The Accadians who came from the "mountains of the east," where the ark rested, attained to a high degree of civilization. In the Babylonian inscriptions they are called "the black heads" and "the black faces," in contrast to "the white race" of Semitic descent. They invented the form of writing in pictorial hieroglyphics, and also the cuneiform system, in which they wrote many books partly on papyrus and partly on clay. The Semitic Babylonians ("the white race"), or, as some scholars think, first the Cushites, and afterwards, as a second immigration, the Semites, invaded and conquered this country; and then the Accadian language ceased to be a spoken language, although for the sake of its literary treasures it continued to be studied by the educated classes of Babylonia. A large portion of the Ninevite tablets brought to light by Oriental research consists of interlinear or parallel translations from Accadian into Assyrian; and thus that long-forgotten language has been recovered by scholars. It belongs to the class of languages called agglutinative, common to the Tauranian race; i.e., it consists of words "glued together," without declension of conjugation. These tablets in a remarkable manner illustrate ancient history. Among other notable records, they contain an account of the Creation which closely resembles that given in the book of Genesis, of the Sabbath as a day of rest, and of the Deluge and its cause. (see BABYLON; CHALDEA.)

ACCAD; ACCADIANS

ak'-ad, ak-a'-di-ans. See BABYLONIA.

390. Akkad -- the name of a city in N. Bab.
... Akkad. 391 . the name of a city in N. Bab. Transliteration: Akkad Phonetic Spelling:
(ak-kad') Short Definition: Accad. ... NASB Word Usage Accad (1). Accad. ...
/hebrew/390.htm - 6k

Editor's Preface
... views. These are the geographical situation of the land of Magan, and the
historical character of the annals of Sargon of Accad. ...
/.../history of egypt chaldaea syria babylonia and assyria v 1/editors preface.htm

Moses and his Writings
... 'Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.' (Genesis 10:10.)
The ruins of all these great cities and kingdoms have now been found. ...
/.../duff/the bible in its making/chapter iii moses and his.htm

The History after the Flood.
... After the flood was there again a beginning of cities and kings, in the following
manner:"The first city was Babylon, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in ...
/.../theophilus/theophilus to autolycus/chapter xxxi the history after the.htm

Of the Generations of the Three Sons of Noah.
... hunter against the Lord. And the beginning of his kingdom was Babylon, Erech,
Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. Out of that ...
/.../augustine/city of god/chapter 3 of the generations of.htm

Appendix
... The first month of the year, and the first sign of the Zodiac referred to this
sacrifice, called 'the Sacrifice of Bel.' It is to Accad, and not to Phoenicia ...
//christianbookshelf.org/bullinger/commentary on revelation/appendix.htm

Additional Notes.
... Mercati, the discoverer of the Milan palimpsest, gives the first hint of doubt
(1896, Atti d. Accad. d. Scienze, Torino, XXXI. p.656): ...
/.../additional notes.htm

Literature.
... Fol. (From Reale Accad. dei Lincei. ... Visconti. Sopra la cristianit?� di Costantino
Magno, dimonstrata co monumenti e con le medaglie....In Atti Accad. Rom. ...
/.../pamphilius/the life of constantine/section 3 literature.htm

The First Chaldaean Empire and the Hyksos in Egypt
... lay on both sides of the Tigris and of the Euphrates, comprised, besides the
principality of Yamutbal, all the towns dependent on Sumer and Accad"Uru, Larsa ...
/.../chapter ithe first chaldaean empire.htm

Introduction.
... [1016] Catalogue des Manuscrits Grecs des Biblioth??ques de Suisse (Leipzig,
1886). [1017] Atti della R. Accad. di Torino, vol. IV. 1869. ...
/.../an introduction to the old testament in greek additional notes/introduction.htm

The Medes and the Second Chaldaean Empire
History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 8. <. ...
/.../chapter iiithe medes and the.htm

Accad (1 Occurrence)
... (see BABYLON; CHALDEA.). Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. ACCAD; ACCADIANS.
ak'-ad, ak-a'-di-ans. See BABYLONIA. Multi-Version Concordance Accad (1 Occurrence) ...
/a/accad.htm - 8k

Babylonia (17 Occurrences)
... Kisurra 24. Umma 25. Accad 26. Opis 27. ... Subsequent to 2000 BC the ideograms read
in Sumerian, Uri and Engi, were pronounced in SemBab, Accad and Sumer. ...
/b/babylonia.htm - 75k

Nimrod (4 Occurrences)
... He established his kingdom "in the land of Shinar," including the cities "Babel,
and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh" (Genesis 10:10), of which only Babel, or ...
/n/nimrod.htm - 11k

Belshazzar (8 Occurrences)
... Belshazzar may have been the son of the king who is said in the same chronicle to
have commanded the Babylonian army in Accad from the 6th to the 11th year of ...
/b/belshazzar.htm - 16k

Accadians
... Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia ACCAD; ACCADIANS. ak'-ad, ak-a'-di-ans. See BABYLONIA. ...
/a/accadians.htm - 6k

Agade
... ag'-a-de: Ancient name for Akkad (or ACCAD, which see), one of the chief cities
of Babylonia (Genesis 10:10), and the capital city of Sargon, who lived and ...
/a/agade.htm - 6k

Sargon (1 Occurrence)
... the Assyrian generals established himself on the vacant throne, taking the name
of "Sargon," after that of the famous monarch, the Sargon of Accad, founder of ...
/s/sargon.htm - 10k

Calneh (2 Occurrences)
... kal'-ne (kalneh; Chalanne): The name of the fourth city of Nimrod's kingdom (Genesis
10:10), the three preceding it being Babel, Erech, and Accad, ie the ...
/c/calneh.htm - 11k

Shinar (8 Occurrences)
... In Genesis 10:10 it is the district wherein lay Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh,
cities which were the "beginning" of Nimrod's kingdom. ...
/s/shinar.htm - 27k

Erech (2 Occurrences)
... e'-rek, er'-ek ('erekh; Orech): 1. Etymology of the Name: The second of the cities
founded by Nimrod, the others being Babel, Accad and Calneh (Genesis 10:10). ...
/e/erech.htm - 13k

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