Psalm 140:2

who devise evil in their hearts and stir up war all day long.

Study Bible

those who devise evil in their hearts
This phrase highlights the intentional and premeditated nature of wickedness. The Hebrew word for "devise" is "חָשַׁב" (chashab), which implies a calculated and deliberate plotting. This suggests that the evil actions are not impulsive but are carefully planned. In the biblical context, the heart is often seen as the center of thought and intention, not just emotion. Thus, the phrase underscores the depth of corruption when one's innermost thoughts are consumed with malice. Historically, this reflects the constant struggle between good and evil, a theme prevalent throughout the Bible, where the righteous are often beset by those who plot against them.

they stir up wars all day long
The phrase "stir up wars" uses the Hebrew word "גָּרוּ" (garu), which means to incite or provoke. This indicates an active effort to create conflict and discord. The addition of "all day long" emphasizes the relentless and continuous nature of their actions. In the ancient Near Eastern context, war and conflict were common, and this phrase could reflect the political and social turmoil of the time. Scripturally, it serves as a reminder of the destructive power of sin and the chaos it brings into the world. From a conservative Christian perspective, this can be seen as a call to vigilance and prayer, recognizing the spiritual warfare that believers face and the need for God's protection against those who seek to do harm.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
Traditionally attributed as the author of this psalm, David often faced adversaries who plotted against him, both during his time as a fugitive and as king.

2. Enemies of David
These are the individuals or groups who sought to harm David, often through deceit and violence.

3. Israel
The nation over which David ruled, frequently facing external threats and internal strife.

4. God
The ultimate protector and deliverer whom David calls upon for help against his enemies.

5. War
Represents both literal and metaphorical conflicts stirred by those who devise evil.

Teaching Points

Guarding the Heart
Believers are called to guard their hearts against devising evil. This involves regular self-examination and seeking God's guidance to align our thoughts with His will.

Peacemaking
As followers of Christ, we are encouraged to be peacemakers, countering the tendency to stir up conflict by promoting reconciliation and understanding.

Trust in God's Protection
Like David, we can trust in God's protection against those who plot evil against us. This trust is built through prayer and reliance on God's promises.

Spiritual Warfare
Recognize that the battle is not just physical but spiritual. Equip yourself with the armor of God to stand firm against the schemes of the enemy.

Discernment in Relationships
Be discerning about the influences in your life. Surround yourself with those who encourage righteousness rather than those who stir up strife.

Bible Study Questions

1. How can we identify and guard against the tendency to devise evil in our own hearts?

2. In what ways can we actively promote peace in our communities and relationships?

3. How does trusting in God's protection change our response to those who oppose us?

4. What practical steps can we take to equip ourselves for spiritual warfare as described in Ephesians 6?

5. How can we discern and address negative influences in our lives that may lead us away from God's path?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Proverbs 6:18
This verse speaks of a heart that devises wicked schemes, similar to the description in Psalm 140:2, highlighting the sinful nature of plotting evil.

James 4:1
Discusses the source of conflicts and quarrels, which aligns with the idea of stirring up war as mentioned in Psalm 140:2.

Ephesians 6:12
Reminds believers that the struggle is not against flesh and blood but against spiritual forces, providing a broader context for understanding the nature of conflict.