◄ Proverbs 10:20 ►
The tongue of the righteous is choice silver, but the heart of the wicked has little worth.
Study Bible
The tongue of the righteous
This phrase emphasizes the power and influence of speech when it is guided by righteousness. In Hebrew, the word for "tongue" is "לָשׁוֹן" (lashon), which not only refers to the physical organ but also symbolizes speech and language. The righteous, or "צַדִּיק" (tzaddik), are those who live in accordance with God's laws and principles. Historically, the tongue has been seen as a tool that can either build up or destroy, and here it is portrayed as a source of wisdom and blessing. The righteous use their words to edify, encourage, and impart truth, reflecting the character of God in their communication.

is choice silver
This metaphor compares the speech of the righteous to "choice silver," indicating its immense value and desirability. Silver, in ancient times, was a precious metal used for currency, jewelry, and sacred objects, symbolizing wealth and purity. The Hebrew word for "choice" is "בָּחוּר" (bachur), suggesting something selected for its excellence. Just as silver is refined and purified, the words of the righteous are carefully chosen, pure, and beneficial. They enrich those who hear them, providing guidance and insight that are as valuable as material wealth.

but the heart of the wicked
In contrast to the righteous, the "heart of the wicked" is highlighted. The Hebrew word for "heart" is "לֵב" (lev), which encompasses not only emotions but also the mind and will. The wicked, or "רָשָׁע" (rasha), are those who live in opposition to God's ways. Their heart, being the source of their thoughts and intentions, is corrupt and deceitful. This phrase underscores the internal nature of wickedness, which manifests in actions and words that are harmful and destructive.

is of little value
The phrase "is of little value" starkly contrasts with the earlier metaphor of choice silver. The Hebrew word for "value" is "מְעַט" (me'at), meaning small or insignificant. This suggests that despite any outward appearances or temporary gains, the inner life and expressions of the wicked ultimately lack substance and worth. Their words and actions do not contribute positively to others or to their own spiritual well-being. This serves as a warning about the futility of living apart from God's righteousness and the ultimate emptiness of a life not aligned with His truth.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Solomon
Traditionally regarded as the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. Proverbs is a collection of his wise sayings.

2. The Righteous
In the context of Proverbs, the righteous are those who live according to God's laws and principles, embodying wisdom and moral integrity.

3. The Wicked
Those who reject God's ways, often characterized by moral corruption and foolishness.

4. Ancient Israel
The cultural and historical backdrop of Proverbs, where wisdom literature was a key part of teaching and moral instruction.

5. Wisdom Literature
A genre of biblical writing that includes Proverbs, focusing on practical and ethical living.
Teaching Points
The Value of Righteous Speech
The words of the righteous are precious and valuable, akin to choice silver. This highlights the importance of speaking truth and wisdom, which can have a profound impact on others.

The Heart's Influence on Speech
The condition of one's heart directly influences their speech. A righteous heart produces valuable words, while a wicked heart results in words of little worth.

Guarding Our Hearts and Tongues
As believers, we are called to guard our hearts and tongues, ensuring that our speech reflects our faith and values. This involves regular self-examination and reliance on the Holy Spirit.

The Impact of Words
Words have the power to build up or tear down. As Christians, we should strive to use our words to encourage, edify, and speak truth into the lives of others.

Pursuing Righteousness
The pursuit of righteousness is not just about actions but also about cultivating a heart that aligns with God's will, which in turn influences our speech and interactions.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the imagery of "choice silver" help us understand the value of righteous speech in our daily lives?

2. In what ways can we ensure that our hearts are aligned with righteousness so that our speech reflects this?

3. How can we apply the teachings of Proverbs 10:20 in our interactions with others, especially in challenging situations?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to guard our tongues and ensure our words are edifying and truthful?

5. How do the teachings in James 3:1-12 and Matthew 12:34-37 complement the message of Proverbs 10:20 regarding the power and source of our words?
Connections to Other Scriptures
James 3:1-12
This passage discusses the power of the tongue, emphasizing how it can be used for both good and evil, much like the contrast in Proverbs 10:20.

Matthew 12:34-37
Jesus speaks about how the mouth speaks what the heart is full of, connecting to the idea that the righteous speak valuable words because of their righteous hearts.

Psalm 12:6
The words of the Lord are described as pure, like silver refined, paralleling the imagery of choice silver in Proverbs 10:20.
Sermons
The Heart not Good Where the Practice is EvilC. Moore, M.A.Proverbs 10:20
The Service of Speech, EtcW. Clarkson Proverbs 10:8, 10, 11, 14, 18-21, 31, 32
A Sevenfold Strain of ExperienceE. Johnson Proverbs 10:15-21
People
Solomon
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Choice, Chosen, Evil-doer, Heart, Mind, Righteous, Silver, Tested, Tongue, Upright, Value, Wicked, Worth
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Proverbs 10:20

     4363   silver

Proverbs 10:19-20

     5193   tongue

Proverbs 10:19-21

     5547   speech, power of

Proverbs 10:20-21

     7150   righteous, the

Library
The Two-Fold Aspect of the Divine Working
'The way of the Lord is strength to the upright: but destruction shall be to the workers of iniquity.'--PROVERBS x. 29. You observe that the words 'shall be,' in the last clause, are a supplement. They are quite unnecessary, and in fact they rather hinder the sense. They destroy the completeness of the antithesis between the two halves of the verse. If you leave them out, and suppose that the 'way of the Lord' is what is spoken of in both clauses, you get a far deeper and fuller meaning. 'The way …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Folly of Slander. Part 1.
"He that uttereth slander is a fool."--Prov. x. 18. General declamations against vice and sin are indeed excellently useful, as rousing men to consider and look about them: but they do often want effect, because they only raise confused apprehensions of things, and indeterminate propensions to action; which usually, before men thoroughly perceive or resolve what they should practise, do decay and vanish. As he that cries out "Fire!" doth stir up people, and inspireth them with a kind of hovering …
Isaac Barrow—Sermons on Evil-Speaking, by Isaac Barrow

The Folly of Slander. Part 2.
"He that uttereth slander is a fool."--Prov. x. 18. I have formerly in this place, discoursing upon this text, explained the nature of the sin here condemned, with its several kinds and ways of practising. II. I shall now proceed to declare the folly of it; and to make good by divers reasons the assertion of the wise man, that "He who uttereth slander is a fool." 1. Slandering is foolish, as sinful and wicked. All sin is foolish upon many accounts; as proceeding from ignorance, error, inconsiderateness, …
Isaac Barrow—Sermons on Evil-Speaking, by Isaac Barrow

Sanctions of Moral Law, Natural and Governmental.
In the discussion of this subject, I shall show-- I. What constitute the sanctions of law. 1. The sanctions of law are the motives to obedience, the natural and the governmental consequences or results of obedience and of disobedience. 2. They are remuneratory, that is, they promise reward to obedience. 3. They are vindicatory, that is, they threaten the disobedient with punishment. 4. They are natural, that is, happiness is to some extent naturally connected with, and the necessary consequence of, …
Charles Grandison Finney—Systematic Theology

The Desire of the Righteous Granted;
OR, A DISCOURSE OF THE RIGHTEOUS MAN'S DESIRES. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR As the tree is known by its fruit, so is the state of a man's heart known by his desires. The desires of the righteous are the touchstone or standard of Christian sincerity--the evidence of the new birth--the spiritual barometer of faith and grace--and the springs of obedience. Christ and him crucified is the ground of all our hopes--the foundation upon which all our desires after God and holiness are built--and the root …
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Lii. Trust in God.
15th Sunday after Trinity. S. Matt. vi. 31. "Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and His righteousness." INTRODUCTION.--We read in ancient Roman history that a general named Aemilius Paulus was appointed to the Roman army in a time of war and great apprehension. He found in the army a sad condition of affairs, there were more officers than fighting men, and all these officers wanted to have their advice taken, and the war conducted in accordance with their several opinions. Then Aemilius Paulus …
S. Baring-Gould—The Village Pulpit, Volume II. Trinity to Advent

The Death and the Raising of Lazarus - the Question of Miracles and of this Miracle of Miracles - views of Negative Criticism on this History
From listening to the teaching of Christ, we turn once more to follow His working. It will be remembered, that the visit to Bethany divides the period from the Feast of the Dedication to the last Paschal week into two parts. It also forms the prelude and preparation for the awful events of the End. For, it was on that occasion that the members of the Sanhedrin formally resolved on His Death. It now only remained to settle and carry out the plans for giving effect to their purpose. This is one aspect …
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Christian's Hope
Scripture references: 1 Timothy 1:1; Colossians 1:27; Psalm 130:5; 43:5; Proverbs 10:8; Acts 24:15; Psalm 71:5; Romans 5:1-5; 12:12; 15:4; 1 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 5:5; Ephesians 1:18; Philippians 1:20; Colossians 1:5; 1 Thessalonians 1:3; 2:19; Titus 1:2; 2:13; 3:7; Psalm 31:24; 71:14,15. HOPE IN THE PRESENT LIFE That which a man ardently hopes for he strives to realize. If he desires fame, office or wealth he will seek to set forces in motion, here and now, which will bring him that which …
Henry T. Sell—Studies in the Life of the Christian

Letter xxxi (A. D. 1132) to the Abbot of a Certain Monastery at York, from which the Prior had Departed, Taking Several Religious with Him.
To the Abbot of a Certain Monastery at York, from Which the Prior Had Departed, Taking Several Religious with Him. [50] 1. You write to me from beyond the sea to ask of me advice which I should have preferred that you had sought from some other. I am held between two difficulties, for if I do not reply to you, you may take my silence for a sign of contempt; but if I do reply I cannot avoid danger, since whatever I reply I must of necessity either give scandal to some one or give to some other a security …
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux—Some Letters of Saint Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux

The Poor in Spirit are Enriched with a Kingdom
Theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:3 Here is high preferment for the saints. They shall be advanced to a kingdom. There are some who, aspiring after earthly greatness, talk of a temporal reign here, but then God's church on earth would not be militant but triumphant. But sure it is the saints shall reign in a glorious manner: Theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.' A kingdom is held the acme and top of all worldly felicity, and this honour have all the saints'; so says our Saviour, Theirs is the …
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

The Heavenly Footman; Or, a Description of the Man that Gets to Heaven:
TOGETHER WITH THE WAY HE RUNS IN, THE MARKS HE GOES BY; ALSO, SOME DIRECTIONS HOW TO RUN SO AS TO OBTAIN. 'And it came to pass, when they had brought them forth abroad, that he said, Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in all the plain: escape to the mountain, lest thou be consumed.'--Genesis 19:17. London: Printed for John Marshall, at the Bible in Gracechurch Street, 1698. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. About forty years ago a gentleman, in whose company I had commenced my …
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

How the Simple and the Crafty are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 12.) Differently to be admonished are the simple and the insincere. The simple are to be praised for studying never to say what is false, but to be admonished to know how sometimes to be silent about what is true. For, as falsehood has always harmed him that speaks it, so sometimes the hearing of truth has done harm to some. Wherefore the Lord before His disciples, tempering His speech with silence, says, I have many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now (Joh. xvi. 12). …
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Letter xv (Circa A. D. 1129) to Alvisus, Abbot of Anchin
To Alvisus, Abbot of Anchin He praises the fatherly gentleness of Alvisus towards Godwin. He excuses himself, and asks pardon for having admitted him. To Alvisus, Abbot of Anchin. [18] 1. May God render to you the same mercy which you have shown towards your holy son Godwin. I know that at the news of his death you showed yourself unmindful of old complaints, and remembering only your friendship for him, behaved with kindness, not resentment, and putting aside the character of judge, showed yourself …
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux—Some Letters of Saint Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux

Jesus Heals Multitudes Beside the Sea of Galilee.
^A Matt. XII. 15-21; ^B Mark III. 7-12. ^a 15 And Jesus perceiving it withdrew ^b with his disciples ^a from thence: ^b to the sea [This was the first withdrawal of Jesus for the avowed purpose of self-preservation. After this we find Jesus constantly retiring to avoid the plots of his enemies. The Sea of Galilee, with its boats and its shores touching different jurisdictions, formed a convenient and fairly safe retreat]: ^a and many followed him; ^b and a great multitude from Galilee followed; and …
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

How the Silent and the Talkative are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 15.) Differently to be admonished are the over-silent, and those who spend time in much speaking. For it ought to be insinuated to the over-silent that while they shun some vices unadvisedly, they are, without its being perceived, implicated in worse. For often from bridling the tongue overmuch they suffer from more grievous loquacity in the heart; so that thoughts seethe the more in the mind from being straitened by the violent guard of indiscreet silence. And for the most part they …
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

"But Seek Ye First the Kingdom of God, and his Righteousness, and all These Things Shall be Added unto You. "
Matth. vi. 33.--"But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness, and all these things shall be added unto you." The perfection even of the most upright creature, speaks always some imperfection in comparison of God, who is most perfect. The heavens, the sun and moon, in respect of lower things here, how glorious do they appear, and without spot! But behold, they are not clean in God's sight! How far are the angels above us who dwell in clay! They appear to be a pure mass of light and …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Proverbs
Many specimens of the so-called Wisdom Literature are preserved for us in the book of Proverbs, for its contents are by no means confined to what we call proverbs. The first nine chapters constitute a continuous discourse, almost in the manner of a sermon; and of the last two chapters, ch. xxx. is largely made up of enigmas, and xxxi. is in part a description of the good housewife. All, however, are rightly subsumed under the idea of wisdom, which to the Hebrew had always moral relations. The Hebrew …
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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