Numbers 31:31

So Moses and Eleazar the priest did as the LORD had commanded Moses,

Study Bible

So Moses and Eleazar the priest
This phrase introduces two central figures in the narrative: Moses, the leader of Israel, and Eleazar, the high priest. Moses, whose name in Hebrew (מֹשֶׁה, Moshe) means "drawn out," is a pivotal figure in the Old Testament, representing God's chosen leader to guide the Israelites out of Egypt and through the wilderness. Eleazar, whose name means "God has helped," is the son of Aaron and serves as the high priest after Aaron's death. The inclusion of both Moses and Eleazar highlights the collaboration between civil and religious leadership in Israel, emphasizing the importance of both roles in executing God's commands.

did as the LORD had commanded Moses
This phrase underscores the obedience of Moses and Eleazar to God's instructions. The Hebrew word for "commanded" (צִוָּה, tzivah) conveys a sense of authoritative instruction, reflecting the divine authority behind the command. The obedience of Moses and Eleazar is a recurring theme in the Pentateuch, illustrating their faithfulness and dedication to God's will. This obedience is not merely a mechanical following of orders but a demonstration of their trust in God's wisdom and sovereignty. It serves as an inspirational model for believers, emphasizing the importance of aligning one's actions with divine directives.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to deliver His people from Egypt and guide them through the wilderness. In this passage, Moses is executing God's commands regarding the division of the spoils of war.

2. Eleazar the Priest
The son of Aaron and the high priest of Israel at this time. Eleazar plays a crucial role in religious leadership and in ensuring that the commands of God are followed precisely.

3. The LORD's Command
The directive given by God to Moses concerning the distribution of the spoils taken from the Midianites. This command reflects God's sovereignty and His concern for justice and order among His people.

4. The Israelites
The people of God, who are in the process of conquering the land promised to them. This event is part of their journey and preparation to enter the Promised Land.

5. The Midianites
A nomadic people who opposed Israel. The conflict with the Midianites is part of the broader account of Israel's journey to the Promised Land and their encounters with various nations.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Commands
Moses and Eleazar's actions demonstrate the importance of following God's instructions precisely. This obedience is a model for believers today, emphasizing the need to adhere to God's Word in all aspects of life.

Role of Spiritual Leadership
The involvement of Eleazar highlights the role of spiritual leaders in guiding and ensuring the community's faithfulness to God's commands. This underscores the importance of godly leadership in the church.

God's Sovereignty and Justice
The division of the spoils as commanded by God reflects His sovereign rule and His concern for justice and order. Believers are reminded of God's ultimate authority and His righteous standards.

Community and Stewardship
The distribution of spoils among the community illustrates principles of stewardship and communal responsibility. Christians are called to manage resources wisely and share with others in need.

Faithfulness in Small and Large Matters
The meticulous obedience in dividing the spoils shows that faithfulness in small tasks is as important as in larger ones. Believers are encouraged to be diligent in all areas of life.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the obedience of Moses and Eleazar in Numbers 31:31 serve as a model for our own obedience to God's commands today?

2. In what ways can spiritual leaders today ensure that their communities remain faithful to God's Word, as Eleazar did?

3. How does the concept of God's sovereignty and justice in the distribution of spoils challenge or comfort you in your current circumstances?

4. What practical steps can you take to ensure that you are a good steward of the resources God has entrusted to you?

5. Reflect on a time when you were faithful in a small task. How did that prepare you for larger responsibilities, and how does this relate to the faithfulness demonstrated in Numbers 31:31?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 17
The Israelites' earlier encounter with the Amalekites, another group opposing them, highlights the ongoing theme of God's deliverance and justice against those who oppose His people.

Leviticus 27
Discusses the laws of vows and dedications, which relate to the concept of setting apart portions of spoils for the Lord, as seen in Numbers 31.

Joshua 6
The fall of Jericho, where the spoils were also dedicated to the Lord, showing a pattern of obedience and dedication in warfare.

1 Samuel 15
Saul's disobedience in not fully carrying out God's command against the Amalekites contrasts with Moses and Eleazar's obedience, emphasizing the importance of following God's instructions fully.