Numbers 31:30

From the Israelites' half, take one out of every fifty, whether persons, cattle, donkeys, sheep, or other animals, and give them to the Levites who keep charge of the tabernacle of the LORD."

Study Bible

From the Israelites’ half
This phrase indicates a division of spoils following a victorious battle. The Israelites' half refers to the portion of the plunder allocated to the people of Israel. Historically, this division underscores the communal nature of the Israelite society, where the spoils of war were shared among the people, reflecting a sense of unity and collective responsibility. Theologically, it emphasizes the principle of stewardship and the acknowledgment that all blessings ultimately come from God.

take one out of every fifty
This specific instruction for a tithe or tribute from the spoils is significant. The number fifty in Hebrew culture often symbolizes jubilee and liberation, suggesting that this act of giving is not merely a tax but a sacred offering. It reflects the principle of giving back to God a portion of what He has provided, reinforcing the idea of gratitude and dependence on divine provision.

whether people, cattle, donkeys, sheep, or other animals
The inclusion of both people and animals in this list highlights the comprehensive nature of the offering. In ancient times, livestock was a primary measure of wealth and sustenance, and including people suggests the integration of those captured into the community. This reflects the holistic approach of the Israelites in dedicating all aspects of their gain to God, acknowledging His sovereignty over every part of their lives.

and give them to the Levites
The Levites were the priestly tribe, set apart for service to God and the community. By directing this portion to the Levites, the text underscores the importance of supporting those who are dedicated to spiritual leadership and the maintenance of worship. It highlights the community's responsibility to ensure that the spiritual needs of the nation are met, recognizing the Levites' role in mediating between God and the people.

who keep charge of the tabernacle of the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the sacred duty of the Levites. The tabernacle was the dwelling place of God's presence among His people, and maintaining it was a task of utmost importance. This responsibility required dedication and reverence, symbolizing the centrality of worship and God's presence in the life of Israel. It serves as a reminder of the need for holiness and the careful stewardship of the divine presence in the community.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, who is conveying God's instructions regarding the division of the spoils of war.

2. The Israelites
The people of God who have just returned from a victorious battle against the Midianites.

3. The Levites
The tribe set apart for the service of the LORD’s tabernacle, responsible for its care and maintenance.

4. The Midianites
The people defeated by the Israelites, whose possessions are being divided.

5. The LORD’s Tabernacle
The sacred dwelling place of God among His people, requiring care and service by the Levites.

Teaching Points

Stewardship and Generosity
God’s people are called to support those who serve in ministry. Just as the Israelites were instructed to give a portion to the Levites, Christians today are encouraged to support their church leaders and ministries.

The Role of the Levites
The Levites' role highlights the importance of dedicated service to God. Believers are reminded of the value of those who commit their lives to serving the church and the community.

God’s Provision and Order
The division of spoils reflects God’s orderly provision for His people and His servants. It teaches us about God’s care and the importance of following His instructions.

Community Responsibility
The Israelites’ contribution to the Levites underscores the communal responsibility to ensure that those who serve God’s purposes are adequately supported.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the allocation of spoils to the Levites in Numbers 31:30 reflect God’s principles of stewardship and provision?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of supporting those who serve in ministry to our modern church context?

3. How does the role of the Levites in caring for the tabernacle parallel the responsibilities of church leaders today?

4. What can we learn from the Israelites’ obedience in giving a portion of their spoils to the Levites about our own giving practices?

5. How do the instructions in Numbers 31:30 connect with New Testament teachings on supporting those who preach the gospel?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 27
Discusses the concept of dedicating a portion of one's possessions to the LORD, similar to the allocation of spoils to the Levites.

Numbers 18
Details the responsibilities and privileges of the Levites, emphasizing their role in serving the tabernacle.

1 Corinthians 9
Paul speaks about those who preach the gospel receiving their living from the gospel, paralleling the Levites' support from the community.

Deuteronomy 18
Outlines the provisions for the Levites, reinforcing their dependence on the offerings of the people.