Numbers 30:16

These are the statutes that the LORD commanded Moses concerning the relationship between a man and his wife, and between a father and a young daughter still in his home.

Study Bible

These are the statutes that the LORD commanded Moses
This phrase indicates divine authority and instruction. The statutes refer to specific laws given by God to Moses, emphasizing the theocratic nature of Israel's governance. The use of "commanded" underscores the non-negotiable nature of these laws, reflecting God's sovereign will. This is consistent with the broader context of the Pentateuch, where Moses frequently acts as the mediator between God and the Israelites (Exodus 20:19-21). The statutes are part of the covenantal relationship established at Sinai, where God provided laws to guide the moral, ceremonial, and civil life of His people.

concerning the relationship between a man and his wife
This part of the verse addresses marital dynamics, specifically the authority and responsibility within a marriage. In the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, the husband held a leadership role within the family. This reflects the patriarchal structure of society at the time, where the husband was seen as the head of the household (Ephesians 5:23). The statutes provided here aim to ensure order and harmony within the family unit, which was foundational to the community's stability. The New Testament echoes this structure, emphasizing mutual love and respect (Ephesians 5:25-33).

and between a father and a young daughter still in his home
This phrase highlights the father's role in the family, particularly concerning his unmarried daughter. In ancient Israel, daughters were under the protection and authority of their fathers until marriage. This reflects the cultural norms of the time, where family honor and lineage were paramount. The father's responsibility included making decisions for his daughter, ensuring her well-being, and arranging her marriage (Genesis 24:1-4). This protective role is seen as a type of Christ's care for the Church, where believers are under His authority and protection (Ephesians 5:29-30). The statutes provided guidance to maintain family integrity and honor, crucial in a society where family was the primary social unit.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD
The divine lawgiver who provides statutes and commandments to guide the Israelites in their covenant relationship with Him.

2. Moses
The prophet and leader of Israel who receives and communicates God's laws to the people. He serves as a mediator between God and the Israelites.

3. A Man and His Wife
Represents the marital relationship, highlighting the authority and responsibility within the family unit as ordained by God.

4. A Father and His Young Daughter
Illustrates the protective and authoritative role of a father over his unmarried daughter, emphasizing family structure and responsibility.

5. The Israelites
The covenant community to whom these statutes are given, representing God's chosen people who are to live according to His laws.

Teaching Points

Divine Order in Family Relationships
God has established a clear order and structure within the family, emphasizing the roles and responsibilities of each member. Understanding and respecting these roles leads to harmony and reflects God's design.

Authority and Responsibility
Authority in the family is coupled with responsibility. Husbands and fathers are called to lead with love and care, ensuring the well-being and spiritual growth of their wives and children.

The Importance of Vows and Commitments
The context of Numbers 30 involves vows, highlighting the seriousness of making commitments before God. This teaches us to be mindful and intentional about the promises we make.

Protection and Provision
The statutes reflect God's concern for the protection and provision of women within the family structure, ensuring they are cared for and not left vulnerable.

Living in Covenant Community
As part of God's covenant people, we are called to live according to His statutes, which includes honoring family relationships and commitments.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the structure of authority in Numbers 30:16 reflect God's design for family relationships, and how can we apply this in our own families today?

2. In what ways do the roles of a husband and father in Numbers 30:16 align with the teachings in Ephesians 5:22-33?

3. How can understanding the seriousness of vows and commitments in Numbers 30 help us in making decisions and promises in our daily lives?

4. What practical steps can fathers take to fulfill their role in guiding and protecting their daughters, as seen in Numbers 30:16 and Deuteronomy 6:6-7?

5. How can we, as members of a covenant community, support and uphold the family structures and responsibilities outlined in Numbers 30:16?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:24
This verse establishes the foundational principle of marriage, where a man leaves his parents and unites with his wife, becoming one flesh. It connects to the authority and unity described in Numbers 30:16.

Ephesians 5:22-33
This passage elaborates on the roles within marriage, emphasizing love and submission, which aligns with the principles of authority and responsibility in Numbers 30:16.

Deuteronomy 6:6-7
Highlights the importance of teaching God's commandments within the family, reinforcing the father's role in guiding his household as seen in Numbers 30:16.