Numbers 28:28

together with their grain offerings of fine flour mixed with oil--three-tenths of an ephah with each bull, two-tenths of an ephah with the ram,

Study Bible

along with their grain offering
The grain offering, known in Hebrew as "minchah," was a vital part of the sacrificial system in ancient Israel. It symbolized the dedication of the fruits of human labor to God, acknowledging His provision and sovereignty. The grain offering was often presented alongside burnt offerings, emphasizing the completeness of worship—both the offering of life (burnt offering) and sustenance (grain offering). This practice underscores the holistic nature of worship, where every aspect of life is consecrated to God.

of fine flour
The use of "fine flour" indicates the quality and purity required in offerings to God. In Hebrew, "solet" refers to finely milled flour, representing the best of what one has to offer. This reflects the principle that God deserves our best, not our leftovers. The meticulous preparation of fine flour can also be seen as a metaphor for the refinement and purity expected in the lives of believers.

mixed with oil
Oil, often olive oil in biblical times, was a symbol of richness, joy, and the Holy Spirit. The mixing of oil with the grain offering signifies the anointing and sanctification of the offering. It also points to the work of the Holy Spirit in the life of a believer, who empowers and sanctifies our offerings and service to God. The combination of flour and oil in offerings can be seen as a precursor to the New Testament understanding of the Spirit-filled life.

three-tenths of an ephah for each bull
The specific measurement of "three-tenths of an ephah" for each bull indicates the precision and orderliness of God's instructions for worship. An ephah was a unit of dry measure used in ancient Israel, roughly equivalent to 22 liters or about 5.8 gallons. The detailed prescriptions for offerings highlight the importance of obedience and reverence in worship. Each element of the offering had significance, and adherence to these instructions demonstrated the Israelites' commitment to honoring God’s holiness.

two-tenths of an ephah for the ram
Similarly, the "two-tenths of an ephah" for the ram reflects the structured nature of worship in the Old Testament. The differentiation in the amount of grain offering for different animals underscores the varying levels of sacrifice and the corresponding response required from the worshiper. This differentiation can be seen as a reminder of the diverse ways in which God calls His people to serve and worship Him, each according to their capacity and His provision.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the laws and instructions from God, including the sacrificial system outlined in Numbers.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who were given specific instructions on how to worship and offer sacrifices to maintain their covenant relationship with God.

3. Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the divine presence, where the Israelites performed sacrifices and offerings as commanded by God.

4. Sacrificial System
A divinely instituted system of offerings, including grain offerings, which were a part of the Israelites' worship and atonement practices.

5. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites were journeying towards, where they would continue to practice these offerings as part of their covenant with God.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Obedience
The specific instructions for offerings highlight the importance of obedience to God's commands. Just as the Israelites were required to follow detailed instructions, Christians are called to live according to God's Word.

Symbolism of the Grain Offering
The grain offering, made of fine flour and oil, symbolizes dedication and thanksgiving to God. It reminds believers to offer their best to God in gratitude for His provision.

Consistency in Worship
The regularity of offerings underscores the need for consistent worship and devotion. Believers are encouraged to maintain a regular practice of worship and thanksgiving in their lives.

Christ as the Fulfillment
The sacrificial system points to Christ, who is the ultimate fulfillment of all offerings. Understanding this helps believers appreciate the depth of Christ's sacrifice and its implications for their faith.

Community and Worship
The communal aspect of offerings in the Israelite community teaches the importance of corporate worship and unity in the body of Christ.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the specific instruction for grain offerings in Numbers 28:28 reflect the character of God, and what does it teach us about His expectations for worship?

2. In what ways can the symbolism of the grain offering (fine flour and oil) be applied to our personal lives and spiritual practices today?

3. How does the sacrificial system in the Old Testament, including the grain offerings, point to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ as described in the New Testament?

4. What are some practical ways we can ensure consistency in our worship and devotion to God, similar to the regular offerings commanded to the Israelites?

5. How can understanding the communal aspect of the Israelite offerings enhance our approach to corporate worship and fellowship within the church community?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 2
Provides detailed instructions on grain offerings, emphasizing the importance of offerings made with fine flour and oil, which are also mentioned in Numbers 28:28.

Hebrews 10
Discusses the fulfillment of the sacrificial system through Jesus Christ, highlighting the transition from the Old Testament sacrifices to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ.

Exodus 29
Describes the consecration of priests and the role of offerings in maintaining holiness and dedication to God.