Leviticus 25:2

"Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When you enter the land that I am giving you, the land itself must observe a Sabbath to the LORD.

Study Bible

Speak to the Israelites
This phrase indicates a direct command from God to Moses, emphasizing the importance of communication between God and His chosen people, the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "speak" is "דַּבֵּר" (daber), which implies not just casual conversation but a formal declaration. This highlights the authoritative nature of God's instructions and the responsibility of Moses as a mediator. The Israelites, descendants of Jacob, are reminded of their unique covenant relationship with God, which sets them apart from other nations.

and say
The repetition of the command to "say" underscores the importance of the message. The Hebrew word "אָמַר" (amar) is used here, which often conveys the idea of making something known or declaring. This reinforces the idea that what follows is not merely advice but a divine mandate that requires attention and obedience.

When you enter the land
This phrase points to a future event, the entry into the Promised Land, Canaan. The Hebrew word for "enter" is "בּוֹא" (bo), which signifies coming into a place of rest and fulfillment of God's promises. Historically, this entry marks a significant transition from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled agricultural society. It is a reminder of God's faithfulness in delivering His people and fulfilling His covenant promises.

I am giving you
The phrase emphasizes God's sovereignty and grace. The Hebrew verb "נָתַן" (natan) means "to give," indicating that the land is a gift from God, not something earned by the Israelites. This underscores the concept of divine grace, where God provides for His people out of His love and faithfulness, not because of their merit.

the land itself
This highlights the physical land of Canaan, which holds theological significance as the inheritance promised to Abraham and his descendants. The Hebrew word "אֶרֶץ" (eretz) is used, which can mean land, earth, or territory. The land is not just a backdrop for the Israelites' lives but a central element in God's redemptive plan, symbolizing His provision and blessing.

must observe a Sabbath
The command for the land to observe a Sabbath introduces the concept of the sabbatical year, a year of rest for the land every seventh year. The Hebrew word "שַׁבָּת" (shabbat) means "rest" or "cessation." This practice reflects God's creation pattern and His provision, teaching the Israelites to trust in Him for sustenance. It also serves as a reminder of the need for rest and renewal, both physically and spiritually.

to the LORD
This phrase indicates that the Sabbath rest is dedicated to God, acknowledging His lordship over the land and the people. The Hebrew name for God here is "יְהוָה" (YHWH), the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. Observing the Sabbath to the LORD is an act of worship and obedience, recognizing His authority and provision. It serves as a reminder of the Israelites' dependence on God and their role as stewards of His creation.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who commands the observance of the Sabbath for the land.

2. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, through whom God delivers His laws and commandments.

3. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are to obey His commandments, including the observance of the land's Sabbath.

4. The Promised Land (Canaan)
The land given by God to the Israelites, where they are to practice the Sabbath rest for the land.

5. Sabbath Year
A year of rest for the land, occurring every seventh year, as commanded by God.

Teaching Points

Divine Ownership and Stewardship
Recognize that the land belongs to God, and we are stewards of His creation. This principle extends to all resources and blessings we receive.

Rest and Renewal
Embrace the importance of rest, not only for the land but also in our personal lives. Regular rest is essential for spiritual, physical, and emotional renewal.

Obedience to God's Commands
Understand the significance of obeying God's commands, even when they challenge our understanding or economic practices. Trust in God's provision and timing.

Faith and Dependence on God
The Sabbath year required faith in God's provision. Similarly, we are called to trust God in times of uncertainty and rely on His faithfulness.

Social Justice and Community Care
The Sabbath year also provided for the poor and marginalized, reminding us of our responsibility to care for others and promote justice in our communities.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of the land's Sabbath challenge our modern understanding of productivity and rest?

2. In what ways can we practice stewardship of the resources God has entrusted to us, reflecting the principles found in Leviticus 25:2?

3. How does the Sabbath year demonstrate God's concern for social justice, and how can we apply this in our communities today?

4. What are some practical ways we can incorporate regular rest and renewal into our lives, following the example of the Sabbath?

5. How does the principle of the Sabbath year deepen our understanding of faith and dependence on God's provision, especially in times of uncertainty?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:2-3
The concept of Sabbath rest originates from God's rest on the seventh day of creation, establishing a pattern for rest and holiness.

Exodus 20:8-11
The Ten Commandments include the Sabbath day, emphasizing rest and dedication to God, paralleling the land's Sabbath.

Deuteronomy 15:1-2
The release of debts every seventh year aligns with the Sabbath year, highlighting themes of rest and renewal.

2 Chronicles 36:21
The land's Sabbath is mentioned in the context of the Babylonian exile, showing the consequences of neglecting God's command.

Hebrews 4:9-10
The Sabbath rest is a foreshadowing of the ultimate rest found in Christ, connecting the Old Testament practice to New Testament fulfillment.