Judges 8:28

In this way Midian was subdued before the Israelites and did not raise its head again. So the land had rest for forty years in the days of Gideon,

Study Bible

Thus Midian was subdued
The word "subdued" in Hebrew is "כָּנַע" (kanah), which means to bring into subjection or to humble. This phrase signifies a complete and decisive victory over the Midianites, who had been oppressing Israel. Historically, the Midianites were a nomadic people, often in conflict with Israel. This subjugation marks a turning point where the Israelites, under Gideon's leadership, overcame their oppressors through divine intervention. The victory is not just military but also spiritual, as it represents God's deliverance of His people when they turn back to Him.

before the Israelites
The phrase "before the Israelites" indicates the presence and witness of the people of Israel in this victory. It underscores the communal aspect of God's deliverance, where the entire nation benefits from the faith and actions of one leader, Gideon. This reflects the biblical principle that God often uses individuals to bring about His purposes for the larger community. The Israelites' role as witnesses to God's power reinforces their identity as His chosen people, called to live in obedience and faith.

and did not raise its head again
This expression is a metaphorical way of saying that the Midianites were completely defeated and never regained their former power or influence over Israel. The imagery of not raising one's head suggests a posture of submission and defeat. In the broader biblical narrative, this serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the futility of opposing His will. It also highlights the peace and security that come from trusting in God's deliverance.

During Gideon’s lifetime
Gideon, also known as Jerubbaal, was a judge of Israel, chosen by God to deliver His people from Midianite oppression. His lifetime marks a period of leadership characterized by faith, albeit with human flaws. Gideon's account is a testament to how God can use imperfect people to accomplish His purposes. His leadership brought about a significant period of peace, demonstrating the impact of godly leadership on a nation.

the land had peace
The Hebrew word for peace is "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), which encompasses not just the absence of war but also completeness, welfare, and harmony. This peace is a direct result of God's intervention and the people's return to Him. It is a foretaste of the ultimate peace that God promises to His people, pointing forward to the Messianic hope of eternal peace through Jesus Christ.

for forty years
The number forty in the Bible often symbolizes a period of testing, trial, or probation, followed by renewal or deliverance. In this context, the forty years of peace represent a generation's worth of stability and rest from external threats. It is a period where the Israelites could focus on worshiping God and living according to His laws. This time of peace is a blessing from God, contingent upon the people's faithfulness and obedience.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Midian
A nomadic tribe that oppressed Israel for seven years. Their defeat by Gideon marked a significant turning point for Israel.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who were delivered from the oppression of the Midianites through Gideon's leadership.

3. Gideon
A judge and military leader chosen by God to deliver Israel from Midianite oppression. His leadership brought peace to the land.

4. Peace for Forty Years
A period of rest and stability in Israel following the defeat of the Midianites, symbolizing God's blessing and favor.

5. Subjugation of Midian
The event where Midian was defeated and subdued, ensuring they did not oppress Israel again during Gideon's lifetime.

Teaching Points

God's Deliverance
God is faithful to deliver His people from oppression when they turn to Him. Gideon's account reminds us of God's power to save and bring peace.

Leadership and Obedience
Gideon's obedience to God's call, despite his initial doubts, led to victory and peace. We are encouraged to trust and obey God's direction in our lives.

Peace as a Blessing
The forty years of peace under Gideon illustrate the blessing of peace that comes from following God's will. We should seek to live in ways that promote peace in our communities.

The Role of Faith
Gideon's faith, though initially weak, grew as he witnessed God's power. Our faith can also grow as we experience God's work in our lives.

The Temporary Nature of Earthly Peace
While Gideon's leadership brought temporary peace, it points to the need for a lasting peace found only in Christ, the ultimate deliverer.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the account of Gideon and the subjugation of Midian encourage us to trust in God's deliverance in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we apply Gideon's example of obedience and faith in our personal walk with God?

3. How does the peace experienced by Israel under Gideon's leadership reflect the peace that God desires for us today?

4. What are some modern-day "Midianites" (challenges or oppressors) that we face, and how can we rely on God to overcome them?

5. How does the temporary peace in Gideon's time point us to the eternal peace offered through Jesus Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Judges 6-7
Provides the background and details of Gideon's call and the miraculous victory over the Midianites, emphasizing God's power and guidance.

Psalm 46:9
Speaks of God making wars cease, connecting to the peace Israel experienced under Gideon's leadership.

Hebrews 11:32-34
Mentions Gideon as a man of faith, highlighting his role in subduing kingdoms and obtaining promises through faith.

Isaiah 9:4
References the breaking of the yoke of oppression, similar to how Gideon broke the oppression of Midian.

1 Samuel 12:11
Samuel recounts Gideon's deliverance of Israel, affirming his role as a judge and leader.