Hebrews 7:12

For when the priesthood is changed, the law must be changed as well.

Study Bible

For when
The phrase "for when" introduces a conditional statement, indicating a cause-and-effect relationship. In the Greek, the word "when" (ὅταν, hotan) suggests a specific time or condition that must be met. This sets the stage for understanding the necessity of change within the context of the priesthood and the law. Historically, this reflects the transition from the Levitical priesthood to the priesthood of Jesus Christ, emphasizing the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy and the ushering in of a new covenant.

the priesthood
The term "priesthood" (ἱερωσύνη, hierosynē) refers to the office and function of priests. In the Old Testament, the Levitical priesthood was established under the Mosaic Law, with priests serving as mediators between God and the people. The priesthood of Jesus, however, is of a different order—Melchizedek's order—signifying a superior and eternal priesthood. This change highlights the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan through Christ, who serves as the ultimate High Priest.

is changed
The Greek word for "is changed" (μετατίθεται, metatithemi) implies a transfer or transformation. This signifies a fundamental shift from the old covenant, represented by the Levitical priesthood, to the new covenant, established through Jesus Christ. This change is not merely a modification but a complete transformation, indicating the obsolescence of the old system and the establishment of a new, perfect way to approach God.

the law
"The law" (νόμος, nomos) refers to the Mosaic Law, which governed the religious, moral, and social life of Israel. The law was intrinsically linked to the Levitical priesthood, as it prescribed the rituals and sacrifices necessary for atonement. With the change in priesthood, the law's role also transforms, as it is fulfilled in Christ. This fulfillment does not abolish the law but rather completes its purpose, pointing to the righteousness found in Jesus.

must be changed
The necessity of change (ἀνάγκη, anagkē) underscores the divine requirement for transformation. The change in the law is not optional but essential, as it aligns with God's sovereign plan of salvation. This reflects the prophetic anticipation of a new covenant, as foretold in Jeremiah 31:31-34, where God promises to write His law on the hearts of His people, signifying an internal transformation rather than external adherence.

as well
The phrase "as well" (καί, kai) indicates that the change in the law is concurrent with the change in the priesthood. This conjunction emphasizes the inseparable link between the two, reinforcing the comprehensive nature of the new covenant. The transformation of both the priesthood and the law illustrates the holistic renewal brought about by Christ's sacrificial work, offering believers a direct and personal relationship with God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Melchizedek
A priest-king of Salem who is a type of Christ, representing a priesthood that predates and supersedes the Levitical priesthood.

2. Levitical Priesthood
The priesthood established under the Mosaic Law, originating from the tribe of Levi, specifically Aaron's descendants.

3. Jesus Christ
The ultimate High Priest in the order of Melchizedek, whose priesthood brings a new covenant.

4. The Law
Refers to the Mosaic Law, which governed the religious, moral, and social life of Israel.

5. Hebrews
The recipients of the letter, likely Jewish Christians who were familiar with the Old Testament and the Levitical system.

Teaching Points

The Supremacy of Christ's Priesthood
Jesus' priesthood is superior to the Levitical priesthood because it is eternal and based on the power of an indestructible life.

The Necessity of Change
The change in priesthood necessitates a change in the law, highlighting the transition from the old covenant to the new covenant in Christ.

The Fulfillment of Prophecy
The shift from the Levitical priesthood to the order of Melchizedek fulfills Old Testament prophecies and God's redemptive plan.

Living Under the New Covenant
Believers are called to live under the new covenant, which offers a direct relationship with God through Jesus, our High Priest.

Understanding the Role of the Law
The law served its purpose under the old covenant, but in Christ, we are under the law of grace and truth.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the role of Melchizedek enhance our appreciation of Jesus' priesthood?

2. In what ways does the change in priesthood affect our daily walk with Christ?

3. How can we apply the concept of living under the new covenant in our personal and communal worship?

4. What are some practical ways to embrace the law of grace and truth in our interactions with others?

5. How does the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies in Christ strengthen our faith in God's promises?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 110:4
This verse prophesies about a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek, which is fulfilled in Jesus Christ.

Genesis 14:18-20
Introduces Melchizedek, who blesses Abraham, establishing a precedent for a priesthood outside the Levitical order.

Hebrews 5:6-10
Discusses Jesus as a High Priest in the order of Melchizedek, emphasizing His eternal priesthood.

Jeremiah 31:31-34
Foretells a new covenant, which is realized through the change in priesthood and law brought by Christ.