Genesis 47:26

So Joseph established a law that a fifth of the produce belongs to Pharaoh, and it is in effect in the land of Egypt to this day. Only the priests' land does not belong to Pharaoh.

Study Bible

So to this day it stands
This phrase indicates the enduring nature of the statute established by Joseph. The Hebrew word for "stands" (עָמַד, 'amad) conveys a sense of permanence and stability. Historically, this suggests that the policy Joseph implemented had a lasting impact on Egyptian society, reflecting his wisdom and administrative skill. It underscores the idea that godly wisdom can lead to long-lasting positive outcomes.

a statute in the land of Egypt
The term "statute" (חֹק, choq) refers to a decree or law that is established. In the context of ancient Egypt, this statute was significant because it formalized the economic policy that Joseph, under divine guidance, instituted during the years of famine. This highlights the integration of divine providence with human governance, showing how God's plans can manifest through societal structures.

that a fifth of the produce belongs to Pharaoh
The allocation of a fifth (20%) of the produce to Pharaoh was a strategic economic policy. The Hebrew word for "fifth" (חֹמֶשׁ, chomes) indicates a portion that was substantial yet sustainable for the people. This policy ensured that Pharaoh's storehouses were filled, providing security and stability during the famine. It reflects Joseph's foresight and the biblical principle of stewardship, where resources are managed wisely for the benefit of all.

Only the land of the priests did not become Pharaoh’s
This exemption for the priests' land is significant. The Hebrew word for "priests" (כֹּהֵן, kohen) denotes those who served in religious capacities. In ancient Egypt, priests held a special status, and their exemption from this statute suggests a respect for religious institutions. This mirrors the biblical theme of honoring those who serve God and the importance of maintaining spiritual integrity even within secular governance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Joseph
The son of Jacob, who rose to power in Egypt as Pharaoh's second-in-command. He was responsible for managing the resources of Egypt during the years of famine.

2. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt, who entrusted Joseph with the administration of the land during the famine.

3. Egypt
The land where Joseph served and where the events of this passage took place. It was a place of refuge for Jacob's family during the famine.

4. The Priests
A distinct group in Egyptian society whose land was exempt from the law Joseph established, indicating their special status.

5. The Law of the Fifth
A decree made by Joseph that required a fifth of the produce to be given to Pharaoh, which was a form of taxation to sustain the nation during and after the famine.

Teaching Points

Stewardship and Wisdom
Joseph's management of resources during the famine demonstrates the importance of wise stewardship and planning. Believers are called to manage their resources wisely, trusting God for provision.

Authority and Submission
Joseph's law illustrates the principle of submission to authority. Christians are encouraged to respect and submit to governmental laws, as long as they do not contradict God's commands.

Provision and Protection
God's provision for His people is evident in Joseph's leadership. Even in times of scarcity, God can use His people to provide for others, reminding us of His faithfulness.

Special Status and Exemption
The exemption of the priests' land highlights the concept of special status. Believers are reminded of their unique position as a royal priesthood in Christ, set apart for His purposes.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Joseph's establishment of the law of the fifth reflect his character and leadership qualities? How can we apply these qualities in our own lives?

2. In what ways does the law of the fifth parallel the concept of tithing or giving in the New Testament? How can this inform our approach to giving today?

3. How does Joseph's respect for the priests' land demonstrate the importance of honoring God-given roles and responsibilities? How can we apply this principle in our communities?

4. What can we learn from Joseph's ability to navigate his dual identity as a Hebrew and an Egyptian leader? How can we apply this to living out our faith in diverse environments?

5. How does the account of Joseph and the law of the fifth encourage us to trust in God's provision during difficult times? Can you think of a time when God provided for you in an unexpected way?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 41
This chapter provides the background of Joseph's rise to power and the interpretation of Pharaoh's dreams, which led to the preparation for the famine.

Leviticus 27
Discusses the laws of tithes and offerings, which can be compared to the law of the fifth in terms of dedicating a portion of produce to a higher authority.

Romans 13
Speaks to the Christian's responsibility to submit to governing authorities, which can be related to the acceptance of Joseph's law by the Egyptians.