Genesis 39:9

No one in this house is greater than I am. He has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. So how could I do such a great evil and sin against God?"

Study Bible

No one in this house is greater than I am
This phrase reflects Joseph's position of authority and trust within Potiphar's household. The Hebrew word for "greater" is "gadol," which implies not just size or stature, but also importance and responsibility. Joseph acknowledges the significant trust placed in him, highlighting his integrity and the respect he has earned. Historically, this underscores the social structure of ancient Egypt, where a trusted servant could rise to a position of considerable influence.

He has withheld nothing from me except you
The word "withheld" comes from the Hebrew "chasak," meaning to restrain or hold back. This indicates the complete trust Potiphar had in Joseph, entrusting him with everything except his wife. This phrase emphasizes the boundaries of trust and the sanctity of marriage, which Joseph respects deeply. It also reflects the moral and ethical standards that Joseph adheres to, despite being in a foreign land.

because you are his wife
The term "wife" in Hebrew is "ishshah," which signifies a woman in a covenant relationship with her husband. This highlights the sacredness of marriage as ordained by God. Joseph's recognition of Potiphar's wife as such shows his understanding of and respect for the divine institution of marriage, which is consistent with the conservative Christian view of marriage as a covenant before God.

So how could I do such a great evil
The phrase "great evil" uses the Hebrew "ra'ah," which denotes something morally wrong or wicked. Joseph's rhetorical question reveals his strong moral compass and his awareness of the gravity of the sin. This reflects the biblical principle that sin is not just a personal failing but an offense against God's established order.

and sin against God?
The word "sin" is derived from the Hebrew "chata," meaning to miss the mark or to transgress. Joseph's statement shows his understanding that sin is ultimately against God, not just against other people. This aligns with the conservative Christian belief that all sin is an affront to God's holiness. Joseph's fear of sinning against God demonstrates his deep faith and commitment to living a life that honors God, even in the face of temptation.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Joseph
A Hebrew slave in Egypt, serving in the house of Potiphar. Known for his integrity and faithfulness to God.

2. Potiphar's Wife
The unnamed wife of Potiphar, who attempts to seduce Joseph.

3. Potiphar
An Egyptian officer of Pharaoh and captain of the guard, who entrusts his household to Joseph.

4. Egypt
The setting of this account, where Joseph is living as a slave.

5. The Temptation
The event where Potiphar's wife tries to seduce Joseph, testing his loyalty to God and his master.

Teaching Points

Integrity in Temptation
Joseph’s refusal to sin against God demonstrates the importance of maintaining integrity, even when faced with persistent temptation.

Respect for Marriage
Joseph’s respect for the marital bond, despite cultural differences, underscores the universal sanctity of marriage.

Fear of God Over Fear of Man
Joseph prioritizes his relationship with God over potential consequences from humans, teaching us to fear God above all.

Fleeing from Sin
Joseph’s immediate rejection of sin serves as a model for fleeing from temptation rather than entertaining it.

God’s Presence in Trials
Despite being in a foreign land and facing trials, Joseph’s awareness of God’s presence empowers him to stand firm.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Joseph’s response to Potiphar’s wife reflect his understanding of sin and integrity?

2. In what ways can we apply Joseph’s example of fleeing temptation in our own lives today?

3. How does Joseph’s respect for marriage challenge our current cultural views on relationships and fidelity?

4. What can we learn from Joseph about maintaining faithfulness to God in environments that do not honor Him?

5. How do other biblical figures, such as David or Daniel, demonstrate similar integrity and fear of God in their lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:24
This verse establishes the sanctity of marriage, which Joseph respects by refusing Potiphar's wife.

Proverbs 6:32
Highlights the foolishness and self-destruction of adultery, aligning with Joseph's understanding of sin.

1 Corinthians 6:18-20
Paul’s teaching on fleeing sexual immorality, which Joseph exemplifies.

Psalm 51:4
David’s acknowledgment of sin against God alone, similar to Joseph’s perspective on sin.

Matthew 5:27-28
Jesus’ teaching on adultery in the heart, which Joseph avoids by rejecting temptation.