Galatians 3:10

All who rely on works of the law are under a curse. For it is written: "Cursed is everyone who does not continue to do everything written in the Book of the Law."

Study Bible

All who rely on works of the law
This phrase addresses those who depend on adherence to the Mosaic Law for their justification before God. The Greek word for "rely" (ἐξ ἔργων νόμου) implies a dependence or trust in one's own ability to fulfill the law's requirements. Historically, the Jewish people were given the Law as a covenant with God, but Paul emphasizes that relying solely on these works for salvation is insufficient. The Law was never intended to be the ultimate means of salvation but rather a guide to reveal sin and point towards the need for a Savior.

are under a curse
The term "curse" (κατάρα) in this context refers to the divine judgment and separation from God that results from failing to uphold the Law perfectly. In the ancient world, a curse was a powerful pronouncement that brought about misfortune or punishment. Biblically, it signifies the consequences of sin and disobedience. Paul is highlighting the impossibility of achieving righteousness through the Law, as no one can keep it perfectly, thus placing them under a curse.

For it is written
This phrase introduces a quotation from the Old Testament, specifically Deuteronomy 27:26. Paul uses this to support his argument with scriptural authority, showing that his teaching is consistent with the Hebrew Scriptures. The phrase underscores the continuity and fulfillment of the Old Testament in the New Testament revelation.

Cursed is everyone who does not continue
The word "cursed" reiterates the severe consequences of failing to uphold the Law. The Greek word for "continue" (ἐμμένει) suggests a persistent, ongoing action. It implies that the Law demands perfect and continuous obedience, which is humanly impossible. This highlights the futility of seeking justification through the Law, as even a single failure results in being cursed.

to do everything written in the Book of the Law
This phrase emphasizes the comprehensive nature of the Law's demands. "Everything" (πᾶσιν) indicates that partial obedience is insufficient; the Law requires complete adherence. The "Book of the Law" refers to the Torah, the first five books of the Old Testament, which contain the commandments given to Israel. Historically, these laws governed every aspect of Jewish life, but Paul points out that they ultimately reveal humanity's inability to achieve righteousness on their own.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the churches in Galatia about the dangers of relying on the law for justification.

2. Galatia
A region in modern-day Turkey where the recipients of the letter resided. The Galatian churches were struggling with the influence of Judaizers who insisted on adherence to the Mosaic Law.

3. Mosaic Law
The body of laws given to Moses in the Old Testament, which includes moral, ceremonial, and civil laws. Paul references this to highlight the impossibility of achieving righteousness through the law.

4. Judaizers
A group of Jewish Christians who taught that Gentile converts must adhere to the Mosaic Law, including circumcision, to be saved.

5. Deuteronomy 27:26
The Old Testament scripture Paul quotes, emphasizing the curse upon those who do not uphold the entire law.

Teaching Points

The Impossibility of Law-Based Righteousness
The law demands perfect obedience, which is impossible for fallen humanity. This highlights our need for a Savior.

The Purpose of the Law
The law serves to reveal sin and our need for grace. It is not a means to achieve righteousness but a guide to lead us to Christ.

Freedom in Christ
Believers are freed from the curse of the law through faith in Jesus Christ, who fulfilled the law on our behalf.

Living by Faith
Our relationship with God is based on faith, not on our ability to keep the law. This faith should manifest in love and obedience as a response to grace.

The Danger of Legalism
Relying on the law for justification leads to bondage and a curse. True freedom and blessing come through faith in Christ alone.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the curse of the law deepen your appreciation for Christ's work on the cross?

2. In what ways might you be tempted to rely on "works of the law" in your own life, and how can you shift your focus to faith in Christ?

3. How does the concept of the law as a "tutor" or "guardian" (Galatians 3:24) help you understand its role in God's plan?

4. What are some practical ways you can live out your faith in Christ, free from the constraints of legalism?

5. How can you encourage others in your community to embrace the freedom and grace found in Christ, rather than falling into the trap of legalism?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 3:20
Paul explains that no one will be justified by the works of the law, as the law's purpose is to make us aware of sin.

James 2:10
James echoes the idea that breaking one part of the law makes one guilty of breaking all of it, underscoring the impossibility of perfect adherence.

Deuteronomy 27:26
The original Old Testament context of the curse, highlighting the comprehensive nature of the law's demands.

Hebrews 10:1
Discusses the law as a shadow of the good things to come, pointing to the insufficiency of the law to perfect those who draw near.