Ezekiel 29:10

therefore I am against you and against your rivers. I will turn the land of Egypt into a ruin, a desolate wasteland from Migdol to Syene, and as far as the border of Cush.

Study Bible

therefore I am against you
This phrase signifies God's direct opposition to Egypt, a nation that had long been a symbol of worldly power and idolatry. The Hebrew root for "against" (נגד, "neged") implies a stance of confrontation and judgment. Historically, Egypt was a superpower, often seen as invincible. However, this declaration underscores the sovereignty of God over all nations, reminding us that no earthly power can stand against the divine will.

and your rivers
The "rivers" refer primarily to the Nile, the lifeblood of Egypt, which was central to its agriculture, economy, and culture. In the Hebrew context, rivers often symbolize life and sustenance. By targeting the rivers, God is striking at the heart of Egypt's prosperity and self-reliance. This serves as a reminder that all sources of human strength and security are ultimately under God's control.

I will make the land of Egypt a ruin and a desolate waste
The imagery of "ruin" and "desolate waste" conveys total devastation. The Hebrew words used here, "שְׁמָמָה" (shemamah) for "desolate" and "חָרְבָּה" (chorbah) for "ruin," emphasize utter destruction and abandonment. Historically, Egypt was known for its fertile lands and thriving civilization. This prophecy highlights the consequences of pride and idolatry, serving as a warning that turning away from God leads to desolation.

from Migdol to Syene
"Migdol" and "Syene" mark the northern and southern extremities of Egypt, respectively. Migdol, meaning "tower" or "fortress," was a strategic location, while Syene (modern-day Aswan) was a significant city near the border with Cush (Nubia). This phrase indicates the comprehensive nature of the judgment, affecting the entire nation. It underscores the thoroughness of God's judgment, leaving no part of the land untouched.

as far as the border of Cush
Cush, often identified with the region south of Egypt, known today as Sudan, was historically a powerful kingdom. The mention of Cush highlights the extent of Egypt's influence and the reach of God's judgment. This serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of nations and the far-reaching impact of divine justice. It also reflects the biblical theme that God's sovereignty extends beyond Israel to all nations, calling them to accountability.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Ezekiel
A prophet of God who ministered to the Israelites during their Babylonian exile. He conveyed God's messages of judgment and restoration.

2. Egypt
A powerful nation in ancient times, often seen as a symbol of worldly power and opposition to God's people. In this context, Egypt is the subject of God's judgment.

3. Migdol
A location in Egypt, possibly a fortress or watchtower, marking the northern boundary of the land.

4. Syene
An ancient city in southern Egypt, near modern-day Aswan, marking the southern boundary of the land.

5. Cush
A region south of Egypt, often associated with modern-day Sudan, representing the extent of Egypt's influence.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
God is sovereign over all nations, including powerful ones like Egypt. His plans and purposes will prevail, regardless of human strength or opposition.

Judgment as a Call to Repentance
God's pronouncements of judgment serve as a call to repentance. Nations and individuals are given opportunities to turn back to God before judgment is executed.

The Futility of Trusting in Worldly Powers
Trusting in worldly powers, like Egypt, is futile. Believers are reminded to place their trust in God alone, who is the ultimate source of security and strength.

The Extent of God's Judgment
The specific mention of geographical boundaries (Migdol to Syene) underscores the thoroughness of God's judgment. It serves as a reminder that nothing is hidden from God’s sight.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the prophecy against Egypt in Ezekiel 29:10 reflect God's sovereignty over all nations, and how can this understanding impact our view of current world events?

2. In what ways does the judgment of Egypt serve as a warning to nations and individuals today? How can we apply this warning in our personal lives?

3. Compare the judgment of Egypt in Ezekiel 29:10 with the plagues in Exodus. What similarities and differences do you observe, and what do they teach us about God's character?

4. How does the mention of specific locations (Migdol to Syene) in Ezekiel 29:10 enhance our understanding of the completeness of God's judgment? How can this influence our understanding of God's justice?

5. Reflect on a time when you were tempted to trust in worldly powers or resources. How can Ezekiel 29:10 encourage you to place your trust in God instead? What other scriptures support this trust?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 19
This chapter also prophesies judgment against Egypt, highlighting the consistency of God's message through different prophets.

Jeremiah 46
Jeremiah's prophecy against Egypt parallels Ezekiel's, emphasizing the theme of divine judgment on nations that oppose God's will.

Exodus 7-12
The plagues of Egypt during the time of Moses serve as a historical backdrop for understanding God's power over Egypt and His ability to bring judgment.