Exodus 27:13

The east side of the courtyard, toward the sunrise, is to be fifty cubits wide.

Study Bible

The width of the courtyard
The courtyard of the Tabernacle was a sacred space, delineated by specific measurements given by God. The Hebrew word for "courtyard" is "חָצֵר" (chatser), which signifies an enclosed area. This enclosure was not merely a physical boundary but a spiritual one, setting apart the holy from the common. The courtyard served as a place where the Israelites could approach God, symbolizing the separation between the divine and the mundane, yet also the accessibility of God to His people through prescribed means.

on the east side
The orientation of the Tabernacle is significant. The east side, or "קֶדֶם" (qedem) in Hebrew, often symbolizes beginnings and newness, as the sun rises in the east. Biblically, the east is associated with the direction from which God's glory comes (Ezekiel 43:2). The entrance facing east may symbolize the hope and renewal that comes with the dawn, inviting worshippers to enter into God's presence with the expectation of new mercies and light.

toward the sunrise
The phrase "toward the sunrise" emphasizes the directionality and purposefulness of the Tabernacle's design. The sunrise, or "מִזְרָח" (mizrach), is a powerful symbol of God's faithfulness and the renewal of His covenant with His people. Each day begins with the sun rising, a reminder of God's unchanging nature and His promise to be with His people. This orientation invites worshippers to align their lives with the divine order and rhythm established by God.

is to be fifty cubits
The measurement of "fifty cubits" (חֲמִשִּׁים אַמָּה, chamishim ammah) reflects the precision and intentionality of God's instructions. A cubit, approximately 18 inches, was a common unit of measure in ancient times, based on the length of the forearm. The number fifty is significant in biblical numerology, often associated with liberation and jubilee (Leviticus 25:10). This measurement may symbolize completeness and freedom, as the courtyard was a place where sacrifices were made, pointing to the ultimate liberation from sin through Christ.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the instructions for the Tabernacle from God on Mount Sinai.

2. The Tabernacle
A portable earthly dwelling place of God among the Israelites, where the courtyard was a significant part.

3. The Courtyard
The outer area surrounding the Tabernacle, where the altar of burnt offering and the bronze basin were located.

4. East Side
The direction specified for the entrance of the courtyard, symbolizing new beginnings and the presence of God.

5. The Israelites
The people of God who were to construct and worship at the Tabernacle according to God's instructions.

Teaching Points

Symbolism of the East
The east side of the Tabernacle courtyard represents new beginnings and the hope of God's presence. As believers, we are called to seek God’s presence daily, starting each day with a renewed commitment to Him.

Order and Precision in Worship
God's specific instructions for the Tabernacle's construction highlight the importance of order and reverence in worship. Our worship should reflect a heart of obedience and respect for God's holiness.

Community and Access
The courtyard was accessible to all Israelites, symbolizing the communal aspect of worship. In the New Covenant, we are reminded of the importance of gathering together as a community of believers to worship and encourage one another.

Anticipation of Christ
The eastward orientation of the Tabernacle points to the coming of Christ, the true Tabernacle, who provides access to God. We are to live in anticipation of His return, aligning our lives with His purposes.

Bible Study Questions

1. What significance does the eastward orientation of the Tabernacle courtyard have in the context of biblical symbolism, and how can this understanding impact our daily walk with God?

2. How does the detailed construction of the Tabernacle reflect God's character, and what does this teach us about the nature of worship today?

3. In what ways can we ensure that our worship, both individually and corporately, reflects the order and reverence seen in the Tabernacle's design?

4. How does the communal aspect of the Tabernacle courtyard inform our understanding of the church as a community of believers?

5. Considering the anticipation of Christ's return, how can we live our lives in a way that reflects readiness and alignment with His purposes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:8
The Garden of Eden was planted in the east, symbolizing the beginning of God's relationship with humanity.

Numbers 2:3
The tribe of Judah was camped on the east side of the Tabernacle, indicating leadership and prominence.

Matthew 24:27
Jesus speaks of His return being like lightning from the east, symbolizing His coming in glory.

Revelation 7:2
An angel ascends from the east, having the seal of the living God, indicating divine authority and protection.