Deuteronomy 5:13

Six days you shall labor and do all your work,

Study Bible

Six days
The phrase "six days" refers to the period of time allotted for labor and work. In the Hebrew context, this is rooted in the creation narrative found in Genesis, where God created the world in six days and rested on the seventh. The Hebrew word for "days" is "yom," which can mean a literal 24-hour period or a longer, indefinite period of time. Historically, this six-day workweek was a revolutionary concept in ancient times, setting the Israelites apart from other cultures that did not have a structured week. It emphasizes the balance between work and rest, a principle that is foundational to the Judeo-Christian work ethic.

you shall labor
The command "you shall labor" underscores the dignity and necessity of work. The Hebrew word for "labor" is "abad," which means to work, serve, or till. This word is also used in Genesis 2:15, where Adam is placed in the Garden of Eden to "work" it and take care of it. This highlights the idea that work is not a result of the fall, but rather a divine mandate and a form of stewardship over God's creation. From a conservative Christian perspective, labor is seen as a way to honor God, provide for one's family, and contribute to society.

and do all your work
The phrase "and do all your work" implies a sense of completion and responsibility. The Hebrew word for "work" is "melakah," which refers to occupation, craftsmanship, or business. This suggests that whatever task or vocation one is engaged in, it should be done with diligence and excellence. In the broader biblical context, this aligns with Colossians 3:23, which encourages believers to work heartily as for the Lord and not for men. It is a call to integrity and dedication in all professional and personal endeavors, reflecting God's character in our daily lives.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The prophet and leader of the Israelites who delivered God's commandments to the people. He is the central figure in the book of Deuteronomy, which is a series of speeches given to the Israelites before entering the Promised Land.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God who were delivered from slavery in Egypt and were on the brink of entering the Promised Land. They are the recipients of the laws and commandments given by God through Moses.

3. Mount Sinai
The place where God originally gave the Ten Commandments to Moses. Deuteronomy 5 is a reiteration of these commandments as the Israelites prepare to enter Canaan.

4. Sabbath Commandment
The context of Deuteronomy 5:13 is part of the larger commandment regarding the Sabbath, which is a day of rest on the seventh day, following six days of labor.

5. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which God promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The Israelites are preparing to enter this land as they receive these commandments.

Teaching Points

The Dignity of Work
Work is ordained by God and is a part of His creation order. It is not a result of the fall but a means to fulfill God's purposes on earth.

Balance of Work and Rest
The command to work for six days and rest on the seventh teaches us the importance of balance in our lives. We are called to be diligent in our work but also to honor the need for rest.

Work as Worship
Our labor is an act of worship when done unto the Lord. We should approach our work with integrity and excellence, reflecting God's character.

Rest as Trust
Observing a day of rest is an act of trust in God's provision. It reminds us that our ultimate security and success come from Him, not our efforts.

Community and Family
The commandment to work and rest is given to the community of Israel, highlighting the importance of shared rhythms of life that strengthen family and community bonds.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the command to work for six days and rest on the seventh reflect God's character and His creation order?

2. In what ways can we view our daily work as an act of worship to God, and how does this perspective change our approach to work?

3. How can we apply the principle of Sabbath rest in our modern, fast-paced society, and what practical steps can we take to ensure we are honoring this commandment?

4. How does the concept of rest in Deuteronomy 5:13 connect with Jesus' invitation to find rest in Him, and what does this mean for our spiritual lives?

5. How can we encourage and support one another in our communities to maintain a healthy balance of work and rest, and what role does accountability play in this process?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:2-3
This passage describes God resting on the seventh day after creation, establishing the pattern of work and rest that is reflected in the Sabbath commandment.

Exodus 20:9-10
This is the first giving of the Ten Commandments, including the command to work for six days and rest on the seventh, highlighting the consistency of God's law.

Matthew 11:28-30
Jesus invites those who are weary to find rest in Him, connecting the physical rest of the Sabbath with the spiritual rest found in Christ.

Colossians 3:23-24
This passage encourages believers to work heartily as for the Lord, emphasizing the attitude and purpose behind our labor.