Deuteronomy 2:11
Like the Anakites, they were also regarded as Rephaim, though the Moabites called them Emites.
Like the Anakim
The Anakim were a formidable race of giants mentioned in the Old Testament, known for their great size and strength. The Hebrew root for "Anakim" is "עֲנָקִים" (Anakim), which is derived from "anak," meaning "neck" or "chain," possibly referring to their imposing stature. Historically, the Anakim were considered descendants of Anak and were feared by the Israelites. Their presence in the land of Canaan was a significant obstacle for the Israelites during their conquest. This phrase sets the stage for understanding the fear and awe that these giant races inspired among the people of the ancient Near East.

they were also regarded as Rephaim
The term "Rephaim" is derived from the Hebrew "רְפָאִים" (Rephaim), which is often associated with giants or mighty men of old. In the biblical context, the Rephaim were considered ancient inhabitants of the land, possibly linked to the Nephilim mentioned in Genesis. The Rephaim were seen as a powerful and ancient people, and their mention here underscores the formidable nature of the inhabitants that the Israelites encountered. This phrase highlights the continuity of the narrative concerning giant races and their impact on the history and psyche of the Israelites.

though the Moabites called them Emites
The Moabites, descendants of Lot, had their own name for these giants, "Emites," which comes from the Hebrew "אֵימִים" (Emim), meaning "terrors" or "fearful ones." This name reflects the dread and respect these giants commanded among the Moabites. The use of different names by different cultures for the same group of people illustrates the widespread recognition of their presence and the fear they instilled across various nations. This phrase emphasizes the shared history and interactions between the Israelites and their neighboring nations, as well as the common understanding of the challenges posed by these ancient peoples.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Anakim
A race of giants mentioned in the Old Testament, known for their great size and strength. They were inhabitants of Canaan and were considered formidable opponents by the Israelites.

2. Rephaim
Another group of ancient giants, often associated with the dead or shades in the Hebrew Bible. They are mentioned in various contexts, sometimes as a people and sometimes as spirits.

3. Moabites
A people descended from Moab, the son of Lot. They lived in the region east of the Dead Sea and had various interactions with the Israelites, sometimes hostile and sometimes neutral.

4. Emites
A term used by the Moabites to refer to the Rephaim. This name highlights the cultural and linguistic differences in how different groups perceived these ancient peoples.

5. Canaan
The land promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It was inhabited by various peoples, including the Anakim, and was the destination of the Israelites after their exodus from Egypt.
Teaching Points
Understanding God's Sovereignty
The presence of giants like the Anakim and Rephaim in the Promised Land serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and power. Despite their intimidating presence, God promised victory to Israel, demonstrating that no obstacle is too great for Him.

Faith Over Fear
The Israelites' fear of the Anakim contrasts with the faith of leaders like Joshua and Caleb. This teaches us to trust in God's promises and not be swayed by fear when facing daunting challenges.

Cultural Perceptions
The different names for the Rephaim (Emites by the Moabites) highlight how cultural perspectives can shape our understanding of reality. As Christians, we are called to seek God's truth above cultural accounts.

Historical Context
Understanding the historical and geographical context of biblical events enriches our comprehension of Scripture. It helps us see the continuity of God's plan throughout history.

Spiritual Warfare
The battles against the Anakim and Rephaim can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual warfare. Believers are called to put on the full armor of God and stand firm against spiritual giants in their lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the presence of the Anakim and Rephaim in Canaan challenge the Israelites' faith, and what can we learn from their response?

2. In what ways does understanding the historical context of the Rephaim and Anakim enhance our reading of the Old Testament?

3. How can the account of the Israelites' encounters with giants like the Anakim inspire us to face our own "giants" today?

4. What does the different naming of the Rephaim by the Moabites (Emites) teach us about cultural perspectives and their impact on our understanding of truth?

5. How can we apply the concept of spiritual warfare, as seen in the battles against the Anakim, to our daily Christian walk?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 14:5
This passage mentions the Rephaim in the context of a battle involving several kings, providing historical context for their presence in the region.

Numbers 13:33
The spies sent by Moses report seeing the Anakim in Canaan, describing them as giants and causing fear among the Israelites.

Joshua 11:21-22
Joshua's campaign against the Anakim is detailed, showing the fulfillment of God's promise to give the land to Israel despite the presence of these formidable foes.

Isaiah 26:14
The Rephaim are mentioned in a prophetic context, symbolizing the ultimate defeat of death and the enemies of God.
God's Faithfulness in Dealing with Nations Outside the CovenantR.M. Edgar Deuteronomy 2:1-23
International RelationshipsD. Davies Deuteronomy 2:1-23
Edom, Moab, AmmonJ. Orr Deuteronomy 2:4-10, 17-20
The Emims, Horims, Zamzummins, EtcJ. Orr Deuteronomy 2:10-13, 20-24
People
Ammonites, Anakites, Avvites, Caphtorim, Caphtorites, Emites, Esau, Geber, Horites, Moabites, Moses, Rephaites, Seir, Sihon, Zamzummites
Places
Ammon, Ar, Arabah, Aroer, Caphtor, Elath, Ezion-geber, Gaza, Gilead, Heshbon, Jabbok River, Jahaz, Jordan River, Kadesh-barnea, Kedemoth, Moab, Mount Seir, Red Sea, Seir, Valley of the Arnon, Zered
Topics
Accounted, Anakim, Anakims, Considered, Emim, Emims, Emites, Giants, Moabites, Named, Numbered, Reckoned, Regarded, Rephaim, Reph'aim, Rephaites
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Deuteronomy 2:8

     5336   highway

Library
A Great Part of South Judea Cut Off under the Second Temple. Jewish Idumean.
The Talmudic girdle ends, as you see, in "Kadesh, Barnea, and Ascalon." Hence it cannot but be observed, that these two places are placed, as it were, in parallel; and whatsoever space lies between Ascalon and the river of Egypt, is excluded,--to wit, fifty-four miles. And one might, indeed, almost see some footsteps of that exclusion under the first Temple, in that very common expression, "From Dan even to Beer-sheba." This country, that was excluded, was something barren. The Talmudists speak thus
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

The New Leaders Commission
'Now after the death of Moses the servant of the Lord it came to pass, that the Lord spake unto Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' minister, saying, 2. Moses My servant is dead: now therefore arise, go over this Jordan, thou, and all this people, unto the land which I do give to them, even to the children of Israel. 3. Every place that the sole of your foot shall tread upon, that have I given unto you, as I said unto Moses. 4. From the wilderness and this Lebanon even unto the great river, the river Euphrates,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The First Chaldaean Empire and the Hyksos in Egypt
Syria: the part played by it in the ancient world--Babylon and the first Chaldaean empire--The dominion of the Hyksos: Ahmosis. Some countries seem destined from their origin to become the battle-fields of the contending nations which environ them. Into such regions, and to their cost, neighbouring peoples come from century to century to settle their quarrels and bring to an issue the questions of supremacy which disturb their little corner of the world. The nations around are eager for the possession
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 4

The Section Chap. I. -iii.
The question which here above all engages our attention, and requires to be answered, is this: Whether that which is reported in these chapters did, or did not, actually and outwardly take place. The history of the inquiries connected with this question is found most fully in Marckius's "Diatribe de uxore fornicationum," Leyden, 1696, reprinted in the Commentary on the Minor Prophets by the same author. The various views may be divided into three classes. 1. It is maintained by very many interpreters,
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Deuteronomy
Owing to the comparatively loose nature of the connection between consecutive passages in the legislative section, it is difficult to present an adequate summary of the book of Deuteronomy. In the first section, i.-iv. 40, Moses, after reviewing the recent history of the people, and showing how it reveals Jehovah's love for Israel, earnestly urges upon them the duty of keeping His laws, reminding them of His spirituality and absoluteness. Then follows the appointment, iv. 41-43--here irrelevant (cf.
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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