1 Samuel 13:7

Some Hebrews even crossed the Jordan into the land of Gad and Gilead. Saul, however, remained at Gilgal, and all his troops were quaking in fear.

Study Bible

Some Hebrews
The term "Hebrews" is often used in the Old Testament to refer to the Israelites, particularly in contexts where their ethnic identity is emphasized. The Hebrew root "ʿibrî" suggests a connection to "Eber," an ancestor of the Israelites. This term highlights the identity of the people as descendants of Abraham, emphasizing their covenant relationship with God. Historically, the use of "Hebrews" in this context underscores the gravity of the situation, as it implies a return to a more fundamental identity amidst crisis.

even crossed the Jordan
The Jordan River is a significant geographical and spiritual boundary in the Bible. Crossing the Jordan often symbolizes a transition or escape. In this context, it indicates a retreat or flight from danger, suggesting a lack of faith or trust in God's protection. The act of crossing the Jordan to flee highlights the desperation and fear among the Israelites, contrasting with previous crossings that symbolized entering into God's promises.

to the land of Gad and Gilead
Gad and Gilead were regions east of the Jordan River, part of the territory allotted to the tribes of Gad, Reuben, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. These areas were known for their rugged terrain and were often seen as places of refuge. Historically, these regions were somewhat isolated from the central tribes of Israel, which may have made them appealing as places of escape. The mention of these lands underscores the extent of the Israelites' fear, as they sought safety far from the central areas of Israelite settlement.

But Saul remained at Gilgal
Gilgal holds significant historical and spiritual importance as the first campsite of the Israelites after crossing the Jordan under Joshua's leadership. It was a place of renewal and covenant, where the Israelites were circumcised and celebrated the Passover. Saul's presence at Gilgal is symbolic, representing a place of waiting and decision. However, his remaining there, in contrast to the fleeing Hebrews, sets the stage for his impending test of faith and leadership.

and all his troops were quaking with fear
The phrase "quaking with fear" vividly describes the emotional and psychological state of Saul's men. The Hebrew root "ḥārad" conveys a sense of trembling or shaking, often associated with terror or dread. This fear reflects a lack of confidence in Saul's leadership and, more importantly, a lack of trust in God's deliverance. The troops' fear serves as a backdrop to the unfolding narrative, highlighting the need for faith and reliance on God in the face of overwhelming odds.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Hebrews
Refers to the Israelites, God's chosen people, who were in a state of fear and disarray during this time.

2. Jordan
The river that the Hebrews crossed, symbolizing a retreat or escape from the impending Philistine threat.

3. Gad and Gilead
Regions east of the Jordan River, representing places of refuge for the fleeing Israelites.

4. Saul
The first king of Israel, who remained at Gilgal, facing a critical test of leadership and faith.

5. Gilgal
A significant location in Israel's history, where Saul awaited Samuel and where the Israelites had previously renewed their covenant with God.

Teaching Points

Fear and Faith
Fear is a natural human response, but it should drive us to God rather than away from Him. Saul's troops were quaking with fear, yet they had the opportunity to seek God's strength.

Leadership Under Pressure
Saul's situation at Gilgal teaches us about the importance of steadfast leadership. Leaders must rely on God's guidance, especially when facing overwhelming challenges.

The Consequences of Disobedience
The Israelites' fear and retreat foreshadow the consequences of not fully trusting and obeying God. This passage sets the stage for Saul's eventual disobedience and its repercussions.

Seeking Refuge
The Hebrews crossing the Jordan to Gad and Gilead symbolizes seeking refuge. In our spiritual lives, we must discern whether we are fleeing in fear or seeking refuge in God.

God's Faithfulness
Despite the Israelites' fear and Saul's faltering leadership, God remains faithful. This passage reminds us that God's plans are not thwarted by human weakness.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the reaction of the Israelites in 1 Samuel 13:7 reveal about their faith and trust in God during times of crisis?

2. How can we apply the lessons of leadership from Saul's experience at Gilgal to our own roles in our families, workplaces, or communities?

3. In what ways does the crossing of the Jordan by the Hebrews in this passage contrast with the earlier crossing under Joshua's leadership?

4. How can we ensure that our fear drives us toward God rather than away from Him, as seen in the actions of Saul's troops?

5. Reflect on a time when you sought refuge in something other than God. How can this passage encourage you to seek refuge in Him alone?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Joshua 4
The crossing of the Jordan River by the Israelites under Joshua's leadership, contrasting their faith and courage with the fear seen in 1 Samuel 13:7.

Judges 6
Gideon's account, where God reduces the number of Israelite soldiers to demonstrate that victory comes from Him, not from human strength.

1 Samuel 10
Saul's anointing as king, highlighting the expectations and responsibilities placed upon him by God.

Psalm 56
A psalm of David expressing trust in God amidst fear, offering a model for how the Israelites could have responded.

Hebrews 11
The "faith chapter," which recounts the faith of the Israelites' ancestors, encouraging believers to trust God in difficult times.