Romans 11:20

That is correct: They were broken off because of unbelief, but you stand by faith. Do not be arrogant, but be afraid.

Study Bible

That is correct
This phrase affirms the truth of the preceding statement, emphasizing the certainty and authority of Paul's message. In the Greek, the word used here is "kalōs," which means "well" or "rightly." It underscores the correctness of God's actions in the context of His divine plan. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of God's sovereignty and justice, acknowledging that His decisions are always righteous and just.

They were broken off
The imagery of branches being "broken off" comes from the metaphor of the olive tree, which Paul uses to describe the relationship between Israel and the Gentiles. The Greek word "exeklasthēsan" indicates a violent separation, suggesting the seriousness of Israel's unbelief. This reflects the historical reality of Israel's rejection of Jesus as the Messiah, leading to their temporary setting aside in God's redemptive plan.

because of unbelief
The term "unbelief" is translated from the Greek "apistia," meaning a lack of faith or trust. This highlights the root cause of Israel's separation from the blessings of the covenant. Scripturally, unbelief is a recurring theme that leads to spiritual downfall, as seen in the wilderness wanderings of the Israelites (Hebrews 3:19). It serves as a warning to all believers about the dangers of not trusting in God's promises.

but you stand by faith
The contrast between unbelief and faith is central to Paul's argument. The Greek word for "stand" is "histēmi," which implies a firm, established position. This suggests that the Gentile believers are secure in their relationship with God through faith, not by their own merit. Historically, this reflects the early church's understanding of salvation by grace through faith, a cornerstone of Christian doctrine.

Do not be arrogant
The warning against arrogance is crucial. The Greek word "katakauchōmai" means to boast against or to exult over. Paul cautions the Gentile believers against pride, reminding them that their position is not due to their superiority but solely by God's grace. This humility is a recurring biblical theme, as seen in Proverbs 16:18, which warns that pride precedes destruction.

but be afraid
The call to "be afraid" uses the Greek word "phobeō," which can mean to fear or to have reverence. In this context, it suggests a healthy respect and awe for God's power and judgment. This fear is not paralyzing but rather a motivating force to remain faithful and humble. Scripturally, the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom (Proverbs 9:10), guiding believers to live in a manner pleasing to God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the Book of Romans, Paul was a key figure in the early Christian church, known for his missionary journeys and theological teachings. In Romans 11, he addresses the relationship between Israel and the Gentiles in God's salvation plan.

2. Israel
The nation chosen by God in the Old Testament, Israel plays a central role in Paul's discussion in Romans 11. Paul speaks about the spiritual state of Israel and their temporary hardening.

3. Gentiles
Non-Jewish people who are now included in God's salvation plan. Paul discusses how the Gentiles have been grafted into the spiritual blessings originally given to Israel.

Teaching Points

Faith as the Foundation
Romans 11:20 states, "That is correct: They were broken off because of unbelief, but you stand by faith. Do not be arrogant, but be afraid." This highlights the importance of faith as the foundation of our relationship with God. Without faith, we risk being cut off from the spiritual blessings God offers.

Humility in Salvation
The warning against arrogance reminds us that salvation is a gift from God, not a result of our own merit. We should approach our faith with humility, recognizing that it is by God's grace that we stand.

The Danger of Unbelief
The original Greek word for "unbelief" (apistia) underscores the seriousness of rejecting faith. This serves as a cautionary tale for both Jews and Gentiles to remain steadfast in their belief.

The Inclusivity of God's Plan
The grafting in of the Gentiles demonstrates God's inclusive plan of salvation. It encourages us to embrace diversity within the body of Christ and to share the gospel with all people.

Perseverance in Faith
The passage encourages believers to persevere in their faith, understanding that it is through continued belief and trust in God that we remain part of His family.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the metaphor of the olive tree in Romans 11:17-21 help us understand our position in God's salvation plan?

2. In what ways can we guard against arrogance in our faith, as warned in Romans 11:20?

3. How does Ephesians 2:11-22 expand on the idea of unity between Jews and Gentiles presented in Romans 11?

4. What practical steps can we take to ensure that our faith remains strong and active, avoiding the pitfalls of unbelief?

5. How can the teachings of John 15:1-6 about remaining in Christ inform our understanding of being "grafted in" as described in Romans 11?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 11:17-21
These verses provide context for Romans 11:20, discussing the metaphor of the olive tree, where some branches (Israel) were broken off, and others (Gentiles) were grafted in. This passage emphasizes the importance of faith and humility.

Ephesians 2:11-22
This passage discusses the unity between Jews and Gentiles in Christ, breaking down the dividing wall of hostility and creating one new humanity.

John 15:1-6
Jesus' teaching on the vine and branches parallels the olive tree metaphor, emphasizing the necessity of remaining in Him through faith.