Revelation 16:5

And I heard the angel of the waters say: "Righteous are You, O Holy One, who is and was, because You have brought these judgments.

Study Bible

And I heard
The phrase "And I heard" signifies the Apostle John's role as a witness to the divine revelations. The Greek word for "heard" is "ἤκουσα" (ēkousa), emphasizing the importance of auditory revelation in biblical prophecy. This underscores the reliability and authority of the message, as it is not a vision or dream but a direct auditory experience, reinforcing the authenticity of the prophecy.

the angel of the waters
This phrase introduces a unique angelic figure, "the angel of the waters." In biblical symbolism, water often represents life, cleansing, and judgment. The angel's association with waters suggests a divine authority over the natural elements, reflecting God's sovereignty over creation. Historically, angels are seen as messengers and agents of God's will, and this specific angel's role highlights the ordered and purposeful nature of divine judgment.

say 'Righteous are You
The declaration "Righteous are You" is a profound acknowledgment of God's inherent justice. The Greek word for "righteous" is "δίκαιος" (dikaios), which conveys the idea of being just, fair, and morally right. This affirmation serves as a reminder that God's judgments are always just, aligning with His holy nature. It reassures believers that, despite the severity of the judgments, they are rooted in divine righteousness.

O Holy One
The title "O Holy One" emphasizes God's absolute purity and separateness from sin. The Greek word "ὁ ἅγιος" (ho hagios) denotes sacredness and moral perfection. This acknowledgment of God's holiness is crucial, as it sets the foundation for understanding His judgments as not only just but also pure and untainted by any form of corruption or bias.

who is and who was
This phrase echoes the eternal nature of God, reminiscent of the divine name revealed in Exodus 3:14, "I AM WHO I AM." The Greek "ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν" (ho ōn kai ho ēn) underscores God's timeless existence, affirming His sovereignty over past, present, and future. It reassures believers of God's unchanging nature and His ultimate control over history and destiny.

because You have brought these judgments
The phrase "because You have brought these judgments" attributes the unfolding events directly to God's will. The Greek word for "judgments" is "κρίσεις" (kriseis), which implies decisions or verdicts rendered by a judge. This highlights the purposeful and deliberate nature of God's actions, serving as a reminder that divine judgments are not arbitrary but are the fulfillment of His righteous and holy will. It calls believers to trust in God's perfect justice, even amidst trials and tribulations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Angel of the Waters
This angel is a messenger of God, specifically associated with the waters. In the context of Revelation, angels often serve as agents executing God's will and judgments.

2. The Holy One
Refers to God, emphasizing His holiness and righteousness. The title "Holy One" underscores God's purity and moral perfection.

3. Judgments
These are the divine acts of justice being executed upon the earth. In Revelation, judgments are often depicted as a response to human sin and rebellion.

Teaching Points

God's Righteousness in Judgment
God's judgments are always righteous and just. As believers, we can trust that His actions are rooted in His perfect nature.

The Eternal Nature of God
God is described as "who is and was," highlighting His eternal existence. This assures us of His unchanging nature and faithfulness throughout time.

The Role of Angels
Angels serve as messengers and executors of God's will. Understanding their role can deepen our appreciation for the spiritual realm and God's sovereignty.

Holiness as a Divine Attribute
God's holiness is central to His character. As followers of Christ, we are called to reflect His holiness in our lives.

Trust in Divine Justice
In a world where justice can seem elusive, believers are reminded that ultimate justice is in God's hands, and His timing and methods are perfect.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the role of the "angel of the waters" in Revelation 16:5 enhance our understanding of the spiritual realm and God's sovereignty?

2. In what ways does acknowledging God's eternal nature ("who is and was") impact your daily faith and trust in Him?

3. How can we apply the concept of God's righteousness in judgment to our understanding of justice in today's world?

4. What are some practical ways we can reflect God's holiness in our personal lives and communities?

5. How do other scriptures that speak of God's righteousness and holiness (such as Exodus 15:11 and Psalm 145:17) reinforce the message of Revelation 16:5?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 15:11
This verse praises God for His holiness and wonders, similar to the acknowledgment of God's righteousness in Revelation 16:5.

Psalm 145:17
This verse speaks of the Lord being righteous in all His ways, paralleling the declaration of God's righteousness in Revelation 16:5.

Revelation 1:8
This verse describes God as the One "who is and who was," echoing the eternal nature of God mentioned in Revelation 16:5.