Psalm 35:12
They repay me evil for good, to the bereavement of my soul.
They repay me evil for good
This phrase captures a profound sense of betrayal and injustice. The Hebrew root for "repay" is "shalam," which often conveys the idea of making restitution or completing a transaction. In this context, it underscores the moral imbalance and the violation of expected social and spiritual norms. The psalmist, likely David, expresses a deep personal grievance, reflecting a broader human experience of being wronged despite acting righteously. Historically, this sentiment resonates with the experiences of many biblical figures who faced persecution despite their integrity, such as Joseph with his brothers or Jesus with the Pharisees.

to the bereavement of my soul
The word "bereavement" here is translated from the Hebrew "shakol," which means to be bereaved or to suffer loss, often used in the context of losing a child. This choice of word conveys the depth of emotional and spiritual anguish experienced by the psalmist. It is not merely a physical or material loss but a profound inner turmoil. The "soul" or "nephesh" in Hebrew refers to the entirety of one's being, indicating that the betrayal has affected the psalmist at the deepest level. This phrase invites readers to empathize with the psalmist's plight and to reflect on the times when they have felt similarly wronged, encouraging them to seek solace in God's justice and comfort.

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The author of Psalm 35, David is expressing his lament and plea for justice against those who wrong him despite his good deeds.

2. Enemies of David
These are the individuals or groups who repay David's kindness with malice and hostility.

3. God
The ultimate judge and protector whom David appeals to for justice and vindication.

4. The Soul
Represents the innermost being of David, which is deeply affected by the betrayal and injustice he experiences.
Teaching Points
Understanding Betrayal
Recognize that even the most righteous actions can be met with hostility, as seen in David's experience.

The Pain of Injustice
Acknowledge the deep emotional and spiritual impact of being wronged, which David describes as "bereavement of my soul."

Seeking Divine Justice
Encourage believers to turn to God for justice and vindication rather than seeking personal revenge.

Responding with Goodness
Emphasize the biblical call to respond to evil with good, following the example of Christ and the teachings of the New Testament.

Trusting God's Sovereignty
Reinforce the importance of trusting in God's ultimate plan and justice, even when facing personal injustice.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does David's experience of being repaid evil for good resonate with your own experiences of betrayal or injustice?

2. In what ways can you apply the principle of overcoming evil with good in your daily interactions?

3. How does the teaching of Jesus in Matthew 5:44 challenge you to respond to those who wrong you?

4. What steps can you take to seek God's justice rather than taking matters into your own hands when wronged?

5. How can trusting in God's sovereignty and justice bring peace to your soul amidst personal trials and injustices?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Samuel 24
David spares Saul's life, demonstrating good for evil, which parallels the theme of being repaid evil for good.

Matthew 5:44
Jesus teaches to love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, echoing the challenge of responding to evil with good.

Romans 12:21
Paul instructs believers to overcome evil with good, reinforcing the biblical principle of responding to wrongdoing with righteousness.
A Hard Case - a Very Hard One - Laid Before GodC. Clemance Psalm 35:1-28
The Flesh and the SpiritW. Forsyth Psalm 35:1-28
The Wicked and the GoodC. Short Psalm 35:11-18
People
David, Psalmist
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Bereavement, Bereaving, Evil, Forlorn, Leave, Pay, Repay, Requite, Reward, Rewarded, Soul, Spoiling, Troubling
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 35:12

     5889   ingratitude

Psalm 35:11-14

     5496   revenge, examples

Library
Specific References to Prophecy in the Gospels
20. But, if it does not weary you, let the point out as briefly as possible, specific references to prophecy in the Gospels, that those who are being instructed in the first elements of the faith may have these testimonies written on their hearts, lest any doubt concerning the things which they believe should at any time take them by surprise. We are told in the Gospel that Judas, one of Christ's friends and associates at table, betrayed Him. Let the show you how this is foretold in the Psalms: "He
Various—Life and Works of Rufinus with Jerome's Apology Against Rufinus.

Historical Summary and Chronological Tables.
a.d. 340. Birth of St. Ambrose (probably at Trèves), youngest son of Ambrose, Prefect of the Gauls. Constantine II. killed at Aquileia. Death of Eusebius. 341. Seventh Council of Antioch. Second exile of St. Athanasius. 343. Photinus begins teaching his heresy. 347. Birth of St. John Chrysostom. Council of Sardica. St. Athanasius restored. 348. Birth of Prudentius the Christian poet. 349. Synod of Sirmium against Photinus. 350. Death of the Emperor Constans. St. Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers.
St. Ambrose—Works and Letters of St. Ambrose

The Sixth Commandment
Thou shalt not kill.' Exod 20: 13. In this commandment is a sin forbidden, which is murder, Thou shalt not kill,' and a duty implied, which is, to preserve our own life, and the life of others. The sin forbidden is murder: Thou shalt not kill.' Here two things are to be understood, the not injuring another, nor ourselves. I. The not injuring another. [1] We must not injure another in his name. A good name is a precious balsam.' It is a great cruelty to murder a man in his name. We injure others in
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

The Ninth Commandment
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.' Exod 20: 16. THE tongue which at first was made to be an organ of God's praise, is now become an instrument of unrighteousness. This commandment binds the tongue to its good behaviour. God has set two natural fences to keep in the tongue, the teeth and lips; and this commandment is a third fence set about it, that it should not break forth into evil. It has a prohibitory and a mandatory part: the first is set down in plain words, the other
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Question of the Comparison Between the Active and the Contemplative Life
I. Is the Active Life preferable to the Contemplative? Cardinal Cajetan, On Preparation for the Contemplative Life S. Augustine, Confessions, X., xliii. 70 " On Psalm xxvi. II. Is the Active Life more Meritorious than the Contemplative? III. Is the Active Life a Hindrance to the Contemplative Life? Cardinal Cajetan, On the True Interior Life S. Augustine, Sermon, CCLVI., v. 6 IV. Does the Active Life precede the Contemplative? I Is the Active Life preferable to the Contemplative? The Lord
St. Thomas Aquinas—On Prayer and The Contemplative Life

After the Scripture.
"In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God created He him."--Gen. v. 1. In the preceding pages we have shown that the translation, "in Our image," actually means, "after Our image." To make anything in an image is no language; it is unthinkable, logically untrue. We now proceed to show how it should be translated, and give our reason for it. We begin with citing some passages from the Old Testament in which occurs the preposition "B" which, in Gen. i. 27, stands before image, where
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Opposition to Messiah Unreasonable
Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD , and against His Anointed, saying, Let us break their bands asunder, and cast away their cords from us. I t is generally admitted, that the institutes of Christianity, as contained in the New Testament, do at least exhibit a beautiful and salutary system of morals; and that a sincere compliance with the precepts of our Lord and His apostles,
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Notes on the Third Century
Page 161. Line 1. He must be born again, &c. This is a compound citation from John iii. 3, and Mark x. 15, in the order named. Page 182. Line 17. For all things should work together, &c. See Romans viii. 28. Page 184. Lines 10-11. Being Satan is able, &c. 2 Corinthians xi. 14. Page 184. Last line. Like a sparrow, &c. Psalm cii. Page 187. Line 1. Mechanisms. This word is, in the original MS., mechanicismes.' Page 187. Line 7. Like the King's daughter, &c. Psalm xlv. 14. Page 188. Med. 39. The best
Thomas Traherne—Centuries of Meditations

Concerning Persecution
Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10 We are now come to the last beatitude: Blessed are they which are persecuted . . '. Our Lord Christ would have us reckon the cost. Which of you intending to build a tower sitteth not down first and counteth the cost, whether he have enough to finish it?' (Luke 14:28). Religion will cost us the tears of repentance and the blood of persecution. But we see here a great encouragement that may
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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